Beam Flux Monitor
Beam Flux Monitor - Related Videos
03:54
Monitoring B Cell Activation with Antigenic Liposomes using a Calcium-Flux Assay
0 Views •
2025
This video showcases the assessment of B cell activation through the utilization of antigenic liposomes. B cells treated with calcium-sensitive Indo-1 dye are distinguished using flow cytometry, and their violet-to-blue fluorescence ratio is analyzed. As the cells encounter antigenic liposomes, it triggers B cell activation through calcium influx, progressively enhancing the violet-to-blue fluorescence signal ratio over time.
04:41
Real-Time Monitoring of Energy Metabolism in Human NK Cells Using an Extracellular Flux Analyzer
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2025
This video demonstrates the method to analyze energy metabolism in activated human NK cells using an extracellular flux analyzer. Different inhibitors of the electron transport chain complexes impact ATP synthesis, which is measured through the oxygen consumption rate or OCR, providing insights into cellular metabolism and bioenergetics.
09:30
Focused Ion Beams
0 Views •
2023
Source: Sina Shahbazmohamadi and Peiman Shahbeigi-Roodposhti-Roodposhti, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT As electron microscopes become more complex and widely used in research labs, it becomes more of a necessity to introduce their capabilities. Focused ion beam (FIB) is an instrument that can be employed in order to fabricate, trim, analyze and characterize materials on mico- and nano-scales in a wide variety of fields from nano-electronics to medicine. FIB...
01:30
Beams
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2023
Beams are integral components of structural engineering and construction, designed to support loads applied at various points along their length. These long, straight members can be classified based on geometry, cross-section, support type, and equilibrium condition. Based on geometry, beams can be straight, tapered, or curved. Straight beams are the most common type and have a constant cross-section throughout their length. Tapered beams, on the other hand, have a varying cross-section along...
09:43
Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
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Cited by 5 •
2022
Real-time cell metabolic flux assay measures the oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate, which corresponds to mitochondrial and glycolytic adenosine triphosphate production, using pH and oxygen sensors. The manuscript explains a method to understand the energy status of osteoblasts and the characterization and interpretation of the cellular bioenergetic status.
FAQs
The instrument first detects a beam-induced response, such as collected charge, ionization, fluorescence, or secondary particles. A calibration relates the magnitude of that response to the number of particles or atoms crossing the defined area per unit time. Maintaining the calibrated geometry and operating conditions allows the measured signal to serve as a quantitative indicator of beam intensity.
Beam flux measurements depend on the defined area through which particles or atoms pass and on the conditions under which the detector response was calibrated. Changes in geometry or operation can alter the relationship between signal and flux. Controlling these factors makes measurements more reproducible and supports reliable comparisons among deposition, evaporation, and surface-reaction experiments.
The measurement can rely on collected charge, ionization, fluorescence, or secondary particles generated by the beam. Each approach converts a beam-induced effect into a measurable response that must be related to flux through calibration. The selected signal therefore determines how beam intensity is observed, while controlled conditions determine whether that observation remains quantitatively useful.
Calibration establishes the relationship between the monitor’s measured response and the particle or atom flux crossing a defined area. The instrument is operated with controlled geometry and operating conditions while its signal is related to beam intensity. Once established, this relationship lets researchers monitor delivery quantitatively and identify changes that could affect reaction control or material composition.
During molecular-beam deposition or evaporation, the monitor provides a quantitative indication of how much reactive material is being delivered through the defined measurement region per unit time. Researchers can use that information to regulate and reproduce delivery conditions. Consistent monitoring helps control the amount reaching a surface and improves comparisons between experiments involving composition or surface reactions.
Accurate measurements support reaction control, material composition, instrument calibration, and the reliability of kinetic and surface-science data. Knowing the delivered flux helps researchers interpret how reactive species interact with a surface or detector under controlled conditions. This quantitative context makes experimental results more reproducible and strengthens comparisons across molecular-beam and related chemistry studies.