Plant-based Dyes
Plant-based Dyes - Related Videos
09:46
Synthesis of Plant Phenol-derived Polymeric Dyes for Direct or Mordant-based Hair Dyeing
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Cited by 12 •
2016
Here, we present a protocol to use pre-synthesized polymeric products derived from fungal laccase-catalyzed polymerization of plant phenols, either with or without mordant agents (e.g., FeSO4), to induce detergent-resistant keratin hair dyeing within 2.5 hours.
10:30
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
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2023
Source: Tamara M. Powers, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University Today's modern world requires the use of a large amount of energy. While we harness energy from fossil fuels such as coal and oil, these sources are nonrenewable and thus the supply is limited. To maintain our global lifestyle, we must extract energy from renewable sources. The most promising renewable source, in terms of abundance, is the sun, which provides us with more than enough solar energy to fully fuel our...
10:22
Transmitting Plant Viruses Using Whiteflies
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Cited by 41 •
2013
Improving our understanding of and our ability to manage many of the insect-transmitted plant viruses requires the use of the vector. Insect transmission of plant viruses is a tritrophic interaction, and as such requires the manipulation of insects, virus, and plant. Vectors must be reared in large numbers and manipulated in such a way as to insure high rates of transmission to test plants. The basics of rearing and manipulating the whitefly, Bemisa tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a vector of...
06:40
Plant Diversity - Concepts
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2019
From Water to Land Kingdom Plantae first appeared about 410 million years ago as green algae transitioned from water to land. Though challenging, this transition benefited early colonizers in several ways. Initially, most living organisms (including plants and animals) were ocean dwelling, making aquatic environments crowded and highly competitive. In contrast, land was a relatively uncolonized environment with ample resources and little to no predators or competitors. Terrestrial environments...
08:36
FM Dyes in Vesicle Recycling
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2023
FM dyes are a class of fluorescent molecules that has found important use in studying the vesicle recycling process. By virtue of a chemical structure, these molecules can insert themselves into the outer leaflet of phospholipid bilayer membranes. After membrane insertion, they are internalized into the cell via endocytosed vesicles, and released when these vesicles recycle back to the membrane. Since, these dyes fluoresce strongly in the hydrophobic environment within membranes and weakly in...
FAQs
Extraction makes color-producing compounds available by releasing pigments from leaves, roots, bark, flowers, fruits, or seeds. Chemistry determines how readily those compounds move into the extraction medium, with solubility influencing the amount and character of color obtained. The resulting extract can then be applied to fibers or investigated as a source of color for inks and laboratory studies.
Metal-ion mordants can form coordination complexes with dye molecules, changing how the color interacts with a fiber. This interaction works alongside adsorption, the attachment of dye molecules to the fiber surface. Because both processes affect how strongly color remains associated with the material, mordants are important when studying color development and color fastness in chemistry.
pH can alter both the hue and the stability of an extracted color. This effect is especially relevant when the extract contains pigments such as anthocyanins, whose observed color depends on chemical conditions. Comparing colors at different pH values therefore provides a practical way to investigate how molecular structure and solution conditions influence visible color.
Molecular structure influences how a pigment absorbs light, dissolves, and interacts with a fiber or mordant. Oxidation can also change the chemical state of color-producing compounds, affecting the resulting appearance or stability. Examining these factors helps explain why a color may remain associated with a material to different degrees, a property described as color fastness.
A general investigation begins by selecting a plant source and extracting its color-producing compounds. The extract can then be brought into contact with a fiber, with a metal-ion mordant included when coordination interactions are being examined. Researchers may also vary pH and observe changes in hue or stability, connecting visible results to solubility and molecular interactions.
They are useful when researchers want to examine natural color chemistry, renewable coloration, or the environmental implications of dye production. Applications include textile coloration, natural ink development, and laboratory investigations. These uses allow chemistry studies to connect pigment extraction with adsorption, coordination complex formation, pH-dependent behavior, oxidation, and the persistence of color on a material.
Experiments can reveal how pigment type, extraction behavior, pH, mordant interactions, and oxidation influence observed color. They may also indicate differences in stability and color fastness after a dye contacts a fiber. In a chemistry setting, these outcomes help relate visible changes to solubility, molecular structure, adsorption, and coordination rather than treating color as only a visual property.