Lidocaine Benzocaine Tetracaine
Lidocaine Benzocaine Tetracaine - Related Videos
08:56
Lateral Canthotomy and Inferior Cantholysis
0 Views •
2023
Source: James W Bonz, MD, Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA Lateral canthotomy is a potentially eyesight-saving procedure when performed emergently for an orbital compartment syndrome. An orbital compartment syndrome results from a buildup of pressure behind the eye; as pressure mounts, both the optic nerve and its vascular supply are compressed, rapidly leading to nerve damage and blindness if the pressure is not quickly relieved. The medial and lateral...
05:43
Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow
0 Views •
Cited by 11 •
2017
The topical anesthetic lidocaine was atomized using a high oxygen flow through the working channel of a flexible intubating endoscope to achieve topical airway anesthesia for awake endotracheal intubation. We prefer this modified spray-as-you-go technique for endoscopic intubation to classical bolus application because of higher patient satisfaction and better compliance.
08:30
Intra-articular Shoulder Injection for Reduction Following Shoulder Dislocation
0 Views •
2023
Source: Rachel Liu, BAO, MBBCh, Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA The anterior shoulder dislocation is one of the most common joint dislocations seen in emergency settings. In anterior shoulder dislocation, the humeral head is displaced out of the glenohumeral joint in front of the scapular glenoid, resulting in a loss of the articulation between the arm and the rest of the shoulder. This can be caused by a fall onto an abducted, extended, and externally...
11:24
A Time Differential Staining Technique Coupled with Full Bilateral Gill Denervation to Study Ionocytes in Fish
0 Views •
Cited by 1 •
2015
This manuscript describes a protocol to track the re-distribution of branchial ionocytes and their innervation using a time differential staining technique coupled with full bilateral gill denervation.
04:00
A Murine Model of Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis to Study Post-Infectious Uveitis
0 Views •
2025
This video demonstrates a method to generate a mouse model of primed mycobacterial uveitis (PMU) for studying post-infectious uveitis. Upon induction of PMU by intravitreal injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a mouse previously immunized with the same immunogen, the progression of chronic inflammation in the eye is analyzed using imaging and histopathological...
FAQs
Their principal molecular target is the voltage-gated sodium channel in the nerve membrane. By binding this channel, they reduce sodium influx, which prevents the membrane from generating and propagating action potentials. Because pain signals depend on these electrical impulses, channel blockade stops transmission from the treated tissue toward the nervous system without requiring permanent nerve injury.
Differences in chemical structure help account for variation in onset, duration, and route of administration among these agents. Those properties influence whether a drug is selected for topical application, local infiltration, or mucosal anesthesia. Comparing the three therefore connects molecular characteristics with practical pharmacology rather than treating all local anesthetics as interchangeable.
Voltage-gated sodium channels are essential for the rapid electrical changes that produce action potentials in nerve membranes. Reducing sodium entry interrupts the sequence needed for pain transmission. This mechanism explains why the drugs can produce a temporary, targeted loss of sensation and why their effects are closely related to the tissue receiving the agent.
Although treatment is directed at a limited tissue area, systemic toxicity remains an important pharmacologic concern. The nervous and cardiovascular systems may be affected, so safe use requires attention to dosing and recognition of adverse effects. Studying toxicity alongside mechanism helps clinicians balance effective local pain control against potentially serious effects beyond the intended site.
The principal approaches highlighted for comparison are topical application, local infiltration, and mucosal anesthesia. These routes place the anesthetic at different types of target tissue and support different minor-procedure needs. Reviewing route alongside onset and duration helps determine how each agent may be used for localized pain control in a pharmacologic setting.
A comparative approach links each drug's chemical structure and pharmacologic behavior with its practical use. Reviewing differences in onset, duration, and administration route supports more deliberate agent selection, while considering dose and systemic toxicity promotes safer use. The comparison also provides a framework for recognizing effects involving the nervous and cardiovascular systems during local anesthesia.