Mask Presentation
Mask Presentation - Related Videos
10:14
Object Substitution Masking
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Jonathan Flombaum—Johns Hopkins University Visual masking is a term used by perceptual scientists to refer to a wide range of phenomena in which in an image is presented but not perceived by an observer because of the presentation of a second image. There are several different kinds of masking, many of them relatively intuitive and unsurprising. But one surprising and important type of masking is called Object Substitution Masking. It has been a focus of research in vision...
08:05
Testing Tactile Masking between the Forearms
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Cited by 2 •
2016
Here we explore contralateral tactile masking between the forearms in which tactile detection thresholds are modulated by vibration applied to a remote site. The details of which remote sites have an effect can tell us about how the body is represented in the brain.
01:25
Self-Presentation
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2025
Self-presentation is a fundamental aspect of social interaction, shaping both how others perceive individuals and how they view themselves. This dynamic process influences behaviors in various social settings, often leading people to adjust their appearance, speech, and demeanor to align with their desired identity. While self-presentation can be deliberate or unconscious, it plays a critical role in interpersonal relationships and self-perception.Forms of Self-PresentationSelf-presentation can...
02:05
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
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2020
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
01:12
Strategies of Self-Presentation I: Strategic Self-Presentation
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2025
Strategic self-presentation refers to individuals' intentional efforts to influence how others perceive them. This process is employed in various social and professional settings, such as job interviews, dating, politics, and legal contexts, where individuals seek to shape impressions to gain social or material advantages. While people generally present themselves in ways that align with their authentic characteristics, external factors, such as cognitive load, can hinder their ability to...
FAQs
Stimulus onset asynchrony, or the timing difference between the target and mask, determines how strongly the mask can interfere with target processing. Short intervals may disrupt the target representation before it is fully processed, whereas different intervals allow researchers to track changes in detection, identification, or recognition. This timing manipulation reveals the temporal course of perceptual processing.
Mask type and presentation duration change the amount and form of surrounding information competing with the target. Researchers can therefore test whether performance changes because the mask competes for perceptual resources or disrupts the target representation during a brief interval. Comparing these conditions helps identify which features of the presentation most affect perceptual access and awareness.
Performance differences across masking conditions help separate the processing required to detect or identify a stimulus from the conditions under which it becomes consciously available. When a mask reduces recognition or identification, researchers can examine how briefly presented information is interrupted and use those outcomes to evaluate models of attention, perception, and conscious awareness.
Visual and auditory masks allow researchers to examine how surrounding information affects perception across different sensory forms. The relevant target and mask can be presented within either modality, while outcomes such as detection, identification, or recognition provide measures of processing. This comparison broadens the technique's relevance beyond a single sensory system and supports analysis of perceptual mechanisms.
A typical experiment presents a target together with a visual or auditory mask positioned before, after, or alongside it. Researchers vary the stimulus onset asynchrony, mask type, and presentation duration, then measure whether participants detect, identify, or recognize the target. Comparing performance across these controlled conditions shows how the surrounding presentation changes access to the stimulus.
Psychologists use this approach when they need to study the time course of perception, attention, visual processing, or conscious awareness. By limiting or interrupting target processing and recording detection, identification, or recognition, the method provides evidence about when information is affected. It also helps researchers evaluate models of memory and broader cognitive processing.