Prime Words
Prime Words - Related Videos
06:16
Verbal Priming
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Jonathan Flombaum—Johns Hopkins University Human memory seems to work in two broad ways. Like modern computers, the human mind has explicit, or declarative, memory: ask a question, and a person gives the best answer they can. Input a query, and a computer program returns the contents of the relevant parts of its stored memory. Humans also have a second kind of memory system, one not really typical of computers, one that experimental psychologists call implicit. Implicit...
13:54
Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria
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Cited by 2 •
2013
This technique provides a method to harvest, normalize and quantify intracellular growth of bacterial pathogens that are pre-cultivated in natural protozoan host cells prior to infections of mammalian cells. This method can be modified to accommodate a wide variety of host cells for the priming stage as well as target cell types.
09:34
Intravital Imaging of Neutrophil Priming Using IL-1β Promoter-driven DsRed Reporter Mice
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Cited by 1 •
2016
This current protocol employs fluorescent reporters, in vivo labeling, and intravital imaging techniques to enable monitoring of the dynamic process of neutrophil priming in living animals.
04:00
A Murine Model of Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis to Study Post-Infectious Uveitis
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2025
This video demonstrates a method to generate a mouse model of primed mycobacterial uveitis (PMU) for studying post-infectious uveitis. Upon induction of PMU by intravitreal injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a mouse previously immunized with the same immunogen, the progression of chronic inflammation in the eye is analyzed using imaging and histopathological...
10:33
Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis (PMU) as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis
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Cited by 1 •
2021
This protocol outlines the steps for inducing Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis (PMU) in mice. This method outlines the steps to help produce reliable and robust ocular inflammation in the mouse model system. Using this protocol, we generated uveitic eyes and uninflamed fellow eyes from single animals for further evaluation with immunologic, transcriptomic, and proteomic assays.
FAQs
A related prime can activate connected concepts in semantic memory before the target appears. When the target shares that activated network, its meaning may become easier or faster to access, producing a difference from an unrelated condition. This mechanism allows psychologists to investigate how associative memory supports lexical access during language processing.
A faster response may reflect more than a meaningful association between two words. Repeated exposure can influence performance, while the prime may also direct attention toward the upcoming target. Comparing carefully selected related and unrelated word pairs helps researchers determine whether the outcome reflects semantic priming rather than general repetition or attention.
Reaction time shows how quickly participants respond, whereas accuracy indicates whether the target was identified correctly. Response bias provides additional information about a participant’s tendency to favor one type of judgment or response. Considering these measures together helps distinguish improved processing from changes in decision behavior during a priming task.
Prime-word paradigms can provide evidence about lexical access, associative memory, attention, and perception. They also allow researchers to examine whether prior language influences responses without requiring participants to report that influence directly. In psychology, this makes the method useful for studying both deliberate performance and unconscious effects on cognition.
Researchers present a prime word before a target stimulus, then compare responses across word pairs that are semantically related and pairs that are unrelated. They record outcomes such as reaction time, accuracy, or response bias. Differences between the conditions indicate whether the prior word influenced processing of the target.
Word pairs should be organized so that related and unrelated conditions can be compared clearly. The central control is the association between the prime and target, while other general influences, including repetition or attention, must be considered. Careful selection supports stronger conclusions about semantic relationships and reduces ambiguity in interpreting responses.
They are useful when researchers want to examine how one word affects access to another related concept. A difference in recognition speed or accuracy can provide evidence about associative memory and lexical access. The same approach also helps investigate how prior language shapes attention and perception during cognitive tasks.
Prime words can be used to examine whether prior language influences social judgments or responses linked to implicit attitudes. Researchers compare performance after different preceding words and assess reaction time, accuracy, or response bias. These outcomes help characterize how language may shape judgment without requiring the influence to be consciously recognized.