Name: mechanics in physics and engineering
Uploaded: 2023-09-22T11:49:18.000Z
Duration: 1 min 28 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Arizona Science Standards

High School

Physical Science

HS.P3

HS.P3U2.7

An Introduction to Mechanics

Mekanik, kuvvetlerin etkisi altında hareketsiz veya hareket halindeki bir nesnenin durumunun incelenmesiyle ilgilenen bir fizik bilimi dalıdır.
T genel olarak rijit cisim mekaniği, deforme olabilen cisim mekaniği ve akışkanlar mekaniği olarak sınıflandırılır.
Katı cisim mekaniği, kuvvetlerin etkisi altında deformasyonun ihmal edilebilir olduğu nesneleri inceler.
Statik ve dinamik olarak dallandırılabilir. Statik, hareketsiz olan nesnelerin durumuyla ilgilenirken, dinamik, hareket halindeki nesnelerle ilgilenir.
Dinamikler ayrıca, hareketten sorumlu kuvvetlerin sırasıyla ihmal edildiği ve dikkate alındığı kinematik ve kinetiğe ayrılır.
Deforme olabilen vücut mekaniği, kuvvetlerin etkisi altında bir nesnenin deformasyonunu inceler.
Akışkanların hareket ve kuvvetlerinin incelenmesine akışkanlar mekaniği denir. Ayrıca sıkıştırılabilir ve sıkıştırılamaz sıvılar olarak sınıflandırılır.
Binalar, otomobillerdeki yaprak yaylar, vinç kancaları, pnömatik çivi tabancaları, hidrolik fren sistemleri ve endüstriyel robotlar gibi yapıların tasarımı ve analizi mekanik prensiplerine dayanmaktadır.

<ol>
	<li>Hibbeler, R.C. (2016). Mühendislik Mekaniği \u2012 Statik ve Dinamik. Hoboken, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Salonu. sayfa 3 \u2012 4</li>
	<li>Bira, F.P.; Johnston, E.R.; Mazurek, D.F; Cromwell, P.J. ve Öz, B.P. (2019). Mühendisler için Vektör Mekaniği \u2012 Statik ve Dinamik. New York: McGraw-Tepesi. sayfa 2 \u2012 3</li>
	<li>Meriam, J.L.; Kraige, L.G. ve Bolton, J.N. (2020). Mühendislik Mekaniği \u2012 Statik. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley. sayfa 1 \u2012 2</li>
</ol>

mekaniğe giriş

İnsanlar yüzyıllardır süreçleri veya arka planda yer alan teorileri kaydetmeden gemi, barınak, piramit, silah, tarım ekipmanı ve daha birçok eşyayı yapmışlardır. Mekaniğin kökeninden günümüze kadar olan evrimini belgelemek çok zor olurdu .

Kaynaklara göre, mekaniğin tarihi Aristoteles (MÖ 384-322) ile başlar. Aristoteles, mekaniği fizik teorisiyle ilişkilendirerek evrensel bir sentez hedeflemiştir.

Newton, mekaniği cismin hareketsiz veya hareket halindeyken kuvvetlerin etkisi altında olan durumunu inceleyen fizik biliminin bir dalı olarak tanımlamıştır. Mekanik, fizik alanının temel bir alanı olup çeşitli mühendislik ve bilim dallarında önemli uygulamalara sahiptir. Mekaniğin çalışılması, günlük nesnelerin hareketini, makinelerin ve cihazların davranışını ve farklı sistemlerin işleyişini anlamak için esastır.

Sert cisim mekaniği, deformasyonun kuvvetlerin etkisi altında ihmal edilebilir olduğu cisimlerle ilgilenen bir mekanik dalıdır. Sert cisim mekaniği, statik ve dinamik olarak ikiye ayrılabilir. Statik objelerin hareketsiz durumunu, dinamik objelerin ise hareket halindeki durumunu ele alır. Dinamik, kinematik ve kinetik olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır, kinematik hareketten sorumlu olan kuvvetleri göz ardı ederken, kinetik ise bunları dikkate alır.

Öbür taraftan, şekil değiştirebilen cisim mekaniği, bir objenin kuvvetlerin etkisi altında deformasyonunu incelemeye odaklanır. Yapı veya üretimde kullanılan malzemelerin davranışını anlamak, farklı yapıların tasarımını ve analizini yapmak önemlidir.

Akışkanlar mekaniği, akışkanların hareketini ve kuvvetlerini inceleyen bir alandır. Bu alan geniştir ve akışkanların davranışlarına bağlı olarak sıkıştırılabilir ve sıkıştırılamaz akışkanlar olarak sınıflandırılır. Akışkanlar mekaniği, hidrolik veya pnömatik sistemler, akışkan taşıma sistemleri ve kimyasal işleme ekipmanları gibi çeşitli sistemlerin tasarımında ve analizinde kullanılır.

Birçok yapı ve makine, mekaniğin prensiplerine dayalı olarak tasarlanır ve analiz edilir. Örneğin, binaların, köprülerin ve diğer yapıların tasarımı, malzemelerin dayanıklılığını, yerçekimi kuvvetlerini ve yerin hareketini değerlendirmek için mekanik prensiplere dayanır. Mekanik prensipleri ayrıca yaprak yaylar ve hidrolik fren sistemleri, vinç kancaları, endüstriyel robotlar ve pnömatik çivi tabancalarının tasarımında da kullanılır.

Mekaniğe Giriş

İnsanlar gemiler, barınaklar, piramitler, silahlar, tarım ekipmanları ve daha pek çok eşyayı, arkasındaki süreci veya teoriyi kaydetmeden yapıyorlar...

Education

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

Makine Mühendisliği

Unit 1

Ünite 1

An Introduction to Statics

Statiğe Giriş

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TEMEL TERİMLER VE KAVRAMLAR

mechanics in physics and engineering

Mechanics is a key branch of physics that explains how objects stay at rest or move when forces act on them. It also has major uses in engineering and science. The topic helps students understand everyday motion, machine behavior, and the way many systems work.

The recorded history of mechanics begins with Aristotle, who lived from 384 to 322 BC. He linked mechanics with physical theory and looked for a broad universal explanation. Later, Newton defined mechanics as the study of objects at rest or in motion under the action of forces.

Rigid body mechanics deals with objects that do not deform much when forces act on them. This area is divided into statics and dynamics. Statics studies objects at rest, while dynamics studies objects in motion.

Dynamics is further divided into kinematics and kinetics. Kinematics describes motion without focusing on the forces that cause it. Kinetics includes those forces and explains how they affect motion.

Deformable body mechanics focuses on how objects change shape under force. This is important for understanding materials used in construction and manufacturing. It also helps in the design and analysis of structures.

Fluid mechanics studies the motion of fluids and the forces within them. It is often divided into compressible and incompressible fluids, based on how the fluid behaves. This field is used in hydraulic and pneumatic systems, fluid transportation, and chemical processing equipment.

Principles of mechanics guide the design of many structures and machines. Buildings and bridges are analyzed for material strength, gravity, and earth movement. The same ideas also apply to automobile leaf springs, hydraulic braking systems, crane hooks, industrial robots, and pneumatic nail guns.

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Mechanics in Physics and Engineering

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