Name: fundamental quantities in engineering mechanics
Uploaded: 2023-09-22T11:49:18.000Z
Duration: 1 min 28 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Physics

PHYS.1

IPC.1.G

Basic Concept

Mühendislik mekaniğinin temel kavramları uzunluk, zaman, kütle ve kuvvettir.
A noktasından B noktasına hareket eden bir cismi düşünün. Kat edilen mesafe, bir referans noktasına göre koordinatlar kullanılarak uzunluk ile tanımlanır.
Uzunluk aynı zamanda fiziksel sistemlerin geometrik özelliklerini de tanımlarken, zaman, A ve B noktaları arasındaki seyahat süresi gibi bir olayın ardışıklığını ölçer.
Kütle, konumla değişmeyen bir cisimdeki madde miktarının bir ölçüsüdür, kuvvet ise bir cismin diğeri üzerindeki itme veya çekme veya yerçekimi çekimi gibi hareketi olarak kabul edilir.
Teorik analiz için, mühendislik mekaniği birkaç varsayım kullanır. İlk olarak, bir nesne, boyutu ihmal edilebilecek kütleli bir parçacık olarak kabul edilir.
İkinci olarak, uygulanan malzeme ve yükten bağımsız olarak, parçacık, deformasyonun ihmal edildiği katı bir cisim olarak kabul edilir.
Son olarak, uygulanan yük, bir nesne üzerindeki bir noktaya etki eden konsantre bir kuvvet olarak temsil edilir.

<ol>
	<li>Hibbeler, R.C. (2016). Mühendislik Mekaniği \u2012 Statik ve Dinamik. Hoboken, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Salonu. Sayfa 4 \u2012 5.</li>
	<li>Bira, F.P.; Johnston, E.R.; Mazurek, D.F; Cromwell, P.J. ve Öz, B.P. (2019). Mühendisler için Vektör Mekaniği \u2012 Statik ve Dinamik. New York: McGraw-Tepesi. Sayfa – 3.</li>
	<li>Meriam, J.L.; Kraige, L.G. ve Bolton, J.N. (2020). Mühendislik Mekaniği \u2012 Statik. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley. sayfa – 2.</li>
</ol>

temel kavram

Mühendislik mekaniği, hareketi ve cisimlere etki eden kuvvetleri inceleyen mühendislik dalıdır. Bu temel bir konu olup birçok diğer mühendislik disiplininin temelini oluşturur. Uzunluk, zaman, kütle ve kuvvet mühendislik mekaniğindeki bazı temel kavramlardır.

Bir cismin katettiği mesafeyi ölçen uzunluk, mühendislik mekaniğinde temel bir kavramdır. Mesafeyi tanımlamak için bir referans noktasına göre koordinatlar kullanırız. Uzunluk, bir cismin katettiği mesafeyi tanımlamanın yanı sıra, fiziksel sistemlerin geometrik özelliklerini tanımlamak için de kullanılır.

Örneğin, X şehrinden Y şehrine seyahat eden bir otobüsü düşünelim. Otobüsün herhangi bir zamandaki konumu koordinat sistemi yardımıyla takip edilebilir.

Bu durumda, olayı tanımlamak için uzunluk yetersizdir ve sonuç olarak zaman, X şehri ile Y şehri arasındaki seyahat süresini ölçmek için kullanılır. Bir olayın ardışıklığını ölçen zaman, mühendislik mekaniğindeki başka bir temel kavramdır.

Kütle, bir nesnedeki madde miktarını ölçer ve konuma bağlı olarak değişmez. Kütle, bir nesnenin bir kuvvet uygulandığında yön veya hızındaki değişime karşı direncini belirleyerek ölçülebilir.

Kuvvet, bir cisim üzerindeki bir cismin diğerine etkisi olarak tanımlanan başka bir önemli kavramdır. Kuvvetler bir nesneyi temaslı veya temassız itebilir veya çekebilir. Yerçekimi, nesneleri birbirine çeken bir kuvvetin klasik bir örneğidir.

Bir cisimi iterken temas kuvveti kullanmak bir örnektir, magnetize olmuş bir demir parçası bir mıknatıs tarafından çekilmesi ise temas olmayan bir kuvvetin kullanımına bir örnektir.

Mühendislik mekaniği, teorik analizi mümkün kılmak için belirli varsayımlara dayanır. İlk olarak, bir nesne genellikle boyutu ihmal edilebilecek bir kütleli parçacık olarak ele alınır. Bu basitleştirme, nesnenin hareketini daha basit matematiksel denklemler kullanarak tanımlamamıza izin verir. İkinci olarak, malzemesine ve uygulanan yüke bakılmaksızın parçacık sert bir cisim olarak kabul edilir ve şekil değişimi ihmal edilir. Son olarak, uygulanan yük bir nesnenin bir noktasında etkileyen bir yoğunlaşmış kuvvet olarak temsil edilir. Örneğin, bir vinç kancasının yük taşıma kapasitesini analiz ederken, boyutu ve şekli ne olursa olsun parçacık olarak kabul edilir. Kanca deforme edilemez bir cisimdir ve kuvvet sadece kanca üzerinde bir noktada etki eder.

Temel Kavram

Mühendislik mekaniği, hareketi ve nesnelere etki eden kuvvetleri inceleyen bir mühendislik dalıdır. Bu temel bir konudur ve temelini oluşturur ...

Education

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

Makine Mühendisliği

Unit 1

Ünite 1

An Introduction to Statics

Statiğe Giriş

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TEMEL TERİMLER VE KAVRAMLAR

fundamental quantities in engineering mechanics

Engineering mechanics begins with four basic quantities: length, time, mass, and force. These ideas help describe how objects move and how they respond to loads. They also support many other engineering fields.

Length measures the distance traveled by an object. Engineers describe this distance with coordinates relative to a reference point. Length is also useful for showing the geometry of physical systems.

Time measures the succession of an event. A bus traveling from city X to city Y is a simple example. The bus location can be tracked with a coordinate system, but time is needed to measure the travel period.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object. It does not change with location. Mass can be related to how much an object resists a change in direction or speed when a force acts on it.

Force is the action of one body on another. It can push, pull, attract, or repel. Gravity is an example of an attractive force. Pushing a surface is a contact force, while an iron piece pulled by a magnet shows a non-contact force.

Engineering mechanics also uses simplifying assumptions to make analysis possible. An object may be treated as a particle with mass, so its size is ignored. It may also be treated as a rigid body, which means deformation is neglected. The load is then shown as a concentrated force acting at a single point, such as when studying the load-carrying capacity of a crane hook.

Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics

fundamental-quantities-in-engineering-mechanics

an introduction to mechanics

Mechanics in Physics and Engineering

Mechanics is a key branch of physics that explains how objects stay at rest or move when forces act on them. It also has major uses in engineering and science. The topic helps students understand everyday motion, machine behavior, and the way many systems work. The recorded history of mechanics begins with Aristotle, who lived from 384 to 322 BC. He linked mechanics with physical theory and looked for a broad universal explanation. Later, Newton defined mechanics as the study of objects at...

basic concept

Engineering mechanics begins with four basic quantities: length, time, mass, and force. These ideas help describe how objects move and how they respond to loads. They also support many other engineering fields. Length measures the distance traveled by an object. Engineers describe this distance with coordinates relative to a reference point. Length is also useful for showing the geometry of physical systems. Time measures the succession of an event. A bus traveling from city X to city Y is a...

newton's law of motion

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newton's law of gravitational attraction

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units of measurement

SI and Customary Measurement Systems

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international system of units

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SI units and metric prefixes provide a standard way to measure size, mass, and time. The International System of Units, or SI system, is used worldwide because it gives scientists a common language for measurement. Its values do not change with location, which helps keep results consistent. The SI system is built on three base units: meter, kilogram, and second. These are the core units for length, mass, and time. The kilogram is the only base unit that already includes a prefix. Prefixes...

numerical calculations

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Numerical calculations in engineering depend on clear values, correct units, and careful rounding. Presenting the answer is an important part of engineering practice, so numerically accurate results are preferred. Handheld calculators and computers are often used because they help produce accurate answers. Problems can be solved in several ways. Solving algebraic symbols by hand is common, and the graphical method is often preferred in some cases. Computers are especially useful when many...

accuracy, limits, and approximation

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Accuracy and approximation are important in calculations, especially in engineering. Accuracy means how close a measured value is to the true or actual value. Repeated measurements are often used in engineering mechanics to help make results more precise and accurate. The accuracy of a solution depends on empirical data and the results from different calculations or measurements. A cylindrical container filled with liquid is a simple example. Its volume can be found from the measured...

dimensional analysis

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problem solving in statics

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key terms and concepts

Explore length, time, mass, and force in engineering mechanics, plus key simplifying assumptions like particles, rigid bodies, and concentrated loads.

Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Makine Mühendisliği, denge, kuvvetler, kafes kiriş analizi ve yapısal mekanik gibi temel konuları kapsayan kısa, anlaşılması kolay animasyonlu videolar sunar. Gerçek dünyadaki uygulamalarını keşfedin ve bilim insanlarının önderlik ettiği deneylerle bu kavramların uygulanmasına tanık olun.

mechanical engineering

Chemistry and Physics

IPC.1

Observational Research

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PHYS.1.A

Study Design in Statistics

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Experimental Designs

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From Theory to Design: The Role of Creativity in Designing Experiments

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Apply scientific practices to plan and conduct descriptive, comparative, and experimental investigations, and use engineering practices to design solutions to problems

PHYS.1.B

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Robert M. Rioux &amp; Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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Use appropriate safety equipment and practices during laboratory, classroom, and field investigations as outlined in Texas Education Agency-approved safety standards

PHYS.1.C

Common Lab Glassware and Uses

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Lab Techniques

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PHYS.1.D

Units and Standards of Measurement

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International System of Units

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Qualitative Analysis

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PHYS.1.E

Review and Preview

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Ogive Graph

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Histogram

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Relative Frequency Histogram

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Scatter Plot

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Time-Series Graph

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Bar Graph

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Multiple Bar Graph

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Pareto Chart

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Pie Chart

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Life Tables

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Contingency Table

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Organize quantitative and qualitative data using bar charts, line graphs, scatter plots, data tables, labeled diagrams, and conceptual mathematical relationships

PHYS.1.F

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Problem Solving in Statics

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Free-body Diagrams: Problem Solving

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Develop and use models to represent phenomena, systems, processes, or solutions to engineering problems

What is a Hypothesis?

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PHYS.1.H

Scientific and engineering practices. The student, for at least 40% of instructional time, asks questions, identifies problems, and plans and safely conducts classroom, laboratory, and field investigations to answer questions, explain phenomena, or design solutions using appropriate tools and models. The student is expected to:

Fundamental Quantities in Engineering Mechanics

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