Name: dc motor modeling in electromechanical systems
Uploaded: 2024-09-26T13:17:19.000Z
Duration: 1 min 19 s
Channel: JoVE

Elektromekanik sistemler, sorunsuz bir şekilde entegre olan elektrikli ve mekanik bileşenlerin benzersiz bir karışımını temsil eder.
DC motor, voltajı açısal yer değiştirmeye dönüştüren ve bir elektrik girişinden mekanik bir sonuç üreten bir ünitedir.
Manyetik alanın içine yerleştirilen armatür devresinde akım akarken, rotoru döndüren torka yol açan bir kuvvete maruz kalır.
Armatür manyetik bir alanda dönerken akım taşıdığından, voltajı hız ile orantılı hale gelir.
Laplace dönüştürülmüş armatür devresine bir döngü denklemi uygulamak, armatür akımı, uygulanan armatür voltajı ve geri EMF arasında bir korelasyon olduğunu ortaya çıkarır.
Motorun torku, armatür akımı ile orantılıdır ve orantılılık motora ve manyetik alan özelliklerine bağlı olarak sabittir.
Tork, armatürdeki atalet ve viskoz sönümleme ile ilgilidir.
Tork denklemi önce motor milinin açısal konumu cinsinden ifade etmek için yeniden yazılır.
Bunu takiben, armatür endüktansının armatür direncinden önemli ölçüde daha küçük olduğu varsayılır.
Basitleştirme üzerine, transfer fonksiyonu elde edilir.

elektromekanik sistemler

Elektromekanik sistemler, istenen sonucu elde etmek için elektrik ve mekanik elemanları etkili bir şekilde birleştiren karmaşık yapılardır. Bu sistemlerin çoğunun merkezinde, elektrik enerjisini mekanik harekete dönüştüren ve basit fanlardan karmaşık robotik mekanizmalara kadar çeşitli uygulamalara olanak tanıyan bir cihaz olan DC motor bulunur.

DC motorun ana bileşenlerinden biri, manyetik alan içinde konumlandırılmış dönen bir devre olan armatürdür. Elektrik akımı armatürden geçerken, manyetik alanla etkileşime girerek bir kuvvetle karşılaşır ve tork üretir. Bu tork, rotorun dönüşünü başlatır ve böylece elektrik enerjisini mekanik harekete dönüştürür. Armatürde indüklenen voltaj, geri elektromotor kuvveti (EMF) olarak bilinen hızıyla doğru orantılıdır.

Bir DC motorun davranışını analiz etmek için, armatür devresine elektrik prensipleri uygularız. Bir döngü denklemi kullanarak ve bunu Laplace yöntemi ile dönüştürerek armatür akımı (i_a), uygulanan armatür voltajı (V_a) ve geri EMF (E_b) arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklayabiliriz. Denklem şu şekilde verilir:

<img alt="Equation1" src="/files/ftp_upload/16098/16098_PT%20EQUATION_1.svg" style="height: 32px;">

Burada R_a armatür direncini ve E_b geri EMF'yi temsil eder.

S domainde motor tarafından üretilen tork (T), armatür akımıyla doğru orantılıdır ve şu şekilde tanımlanır:

<img alt="Equation2" src="/files/ftp_upload/16098/16098_PT%20EQUATION_2.svg" style="height: 20px;">

Burada, k_t tork sabitidir. Bu tork, rotorun eylemsizliği (J) cinsinden de yazılabilir:

<img alt="Equation3" src="/files/ftp_upload/16098/16098_PT%20EQUATION_3.svg" style="height: 20px;">

Tork, motor şaftının açısal konumu (0) cinsinden ifade edilerek ve basitleştirilerek, transfer fonksiyonu türetilebilir. Armatür endüktansının armatür direncine kıyasla ihmal edilebilir olduğu varsayıldığında, DC motorun basitleştirilmiş transfer fonksiyonu şu hale gelir:

<img alt="Equation4" src="/files/ftp_upload/16098/16098_PT%20EQUATION_4.svg" style="height: 64px;">

Bu transfer fonksiyonu, motorun dinamik tepkisinin kapsamlı bir şekilde anlaşılmasını sağlar, elektriksel girişi mekanik çıktıya bağlar ve elektromekanik sistemlerin tasarımını ve kontrolünü kolaylaştırır.

Elektromekanik Sistemler

Elektromekanik sistemler, sorunsuz bir şekilde entegre olan elektrikli ve mekanik bileşenlerin benzersiz bir karışımını temsil eder.
DC motor, dönüşüm sağlayan bir ünitedir ...

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JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Elektrik Mühendisliği

Unit 1

Ünite 1

Modeling in Time and Frequency Domain

Zaman ve Frekans Alanında Modelleme

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TEMEL TERİMLER VE KAVRAMLAR

Electro-mechanical Systems

dc motor modeling in electromechanical systems

DC motor modeling is a key part of electromechanical systems. These systems combine electrical parts and mechanical parts to produce a useful output. A DC motor is one common example because it turns electrical energy into mechanical motion. It is used in many places, from simple fans to complex robotic mechanisms.

Inside the DC motor, the armature is a rotating circuit placed in a magnetic field. When current flows through the armature, it experiences a force from the magnetic field. That force creates torque, which starts the rotor spinning. As the motor turns, it also produces a voltage in the armature that rises with speed. This voltage is called back electromotive force, or back EMF.

To study how the motor behaves, electrical principles are applied to the armature circuit. A loop equation is written for the armature current, the applied armature voltage, and the back EMF. The equation can then be transformed with the Laplace method to help show the motor response in the s domain. This makes it easier to relate the input voltage to the motor’s electrical and mechanical behavior.

The torque produced by the motor is directly proportional to the armature current in the s domain. The torque constant, k_t, sets that relationship. Torque can also be written in terms of the rotor inertia, J, and the motion of the motor shaft. By expressing the torque through the angular position, θ, and simplifying the result, a transfer function can be derived. When armature inductance is assumed to be negligible compared with armature resistance, the DC motor transfer function becomes simpler and shows how electrical input leads to mechanical output.

DC Motor Modeling in Electromechanical Systems

dc-motor-modeling-electromechanical-systems

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DC motor modeling is a key part of electromechanical systems. These systems combine electrical parts and mechanical parts to produce a useful output. A DC motor is one common example because it turns electrical energy into mechanical motion. It is used in many places, from simple fans to complex robotic mechanisms. Inside the DC motor, the armature is a rotating circuit placed in a magnetic field. When current flows through the armature, it experiences a force from the magnetic field. That...

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key terms and concepts

Learn how a DC motor turns electrical input into motion, how back EMF affects armature current, and how Laplace methods help derive the transfer function.

DC Motor Modeling in Electromechanical Systems | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Elektrik Mühendisliği, devre analizi teknikleriyle birlikte elektrik devrelerinin temel kavramlarını kapsayan, anlaşılması kolay animasyonlu videolar sunar. Operasyonel amplifikatörler ve devre dönüşümü kavramlarını kullanarak birinci dereceden ve ikinci dereceden devreleri içerir. Pratik tasarım örneklerinin ve gerçek dünya uygulamalarının bilim insanlarınca hazırlanan videolar aracılığıyla dahil edilmesi, karmaşık kavramları erişilebilir hale getirerek önemli bir eğitim değeri katmaktadır.

electrical engineering

DC Motor Modeling in Electromechanical Systems

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