Resistor Ratio
Resistor Ratio - Related Videos
11:34
Series and Parallel Resistors
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2023
Source: Yong P. Chen, PhD, Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN This experiment demonstrates how current is distributed in resistors connected in series or parallel, and thus describes how to calculate the total "effective" resistance. Using Ohm's law, it possible to convert between the voltage and current through a resistance, if the resistance is known. For two resistors connected in series, (meaning that they are wired one after the...
01:10
Resistors In Series
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2023
A resistor is an ohmic device that limits the flow of charge in a circuit. Most circuits have more than one resistor. If several resistors are connected together and connected to a battery, the current supplied by the battery depends on the equivalent resistance of the circuit. The equivalent resistance of a combination of resistors depends on both their individual values and how they are connected. The simplest combination of resistors is the series combination. In a series circuit, the...
01:18
Combination Of Resistors
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2023
Electrical devices in any circuit can be connected either by series or parallel connections. Additionally, circuits can be connected involving both of these connections, known as combination or complex circuits. As these circuits have complex resistor connections, it is necessary to identify different parts as either series or parallel connections, then the whole combination of series and parallel resistors can be reduced to a single equivalent resistance. With the known equivalent resistance...
01:23
Resistors In Parallel
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2023
Resistors are in parallel when one end of all the resistors are connected to a continuous wire of negligible resistance and the other end of all the resistors are also connected to one another through a continuous wire of negligible resistance. In the case of a parallel configuration, the potential drop across each resistor is the same. Current through each resistor can be found using Ohm’s law, I = V/R, where the voltage is constant across each resistor. The sum of the individual currents...
01:31
Resistor in an AC Circuit
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2023
An alternating emf or voltage source is needed to supply an alternating current (AC) to a circuit. A coil of wire rotating in a magnetic field at a constant angular speed represents such a source. It also generates a sinusoidal alternating emf and serves as an industrial alternator. One-way current through the meter is measured using diodes. A diode is a device with better conductivity in one direction compared to the other; in its ideal state, it has zero resistance in one direction and allows...
FAQs
With R2 as the lower resistor, increasing R2 raises the fraction R2/(R1 + R2), so Vout moves closer to Vin. Increasing R1 lowers that fraction, reducing the output. This relationship lets engineers adjust a divider toward a required reference level without changing the applied input voltage.
The divider equation assumes that the load does not significantly alter the resistor network. If the load changes the effective resistance associated with the output, the original partition no longer accurately predicts Vout. Engineers therefore check loading whenever a divider drives another circuit, because the measured output can differ from the unloaded calculation.
Tolerance determines how closely the actual resistance values follow their nominal values, while matching describes how consistently their relationship is maintained. Errors in either property change the intended ratio and can shift a divider output, amplifier gain, bridge balance, or measurement result. Tighter control improves accuracy, and temperature stability helps preserve it during operation.
For ratio-controlled behavior, the relative relationship between resistors sets the circuit result, so absolute values are not always the primary design variable. This perspective allows engineers to focus on maintaining the intended proportion when establishing a voltage partition, amplifier gain, reference voltage, bridge balance, or measurement relationship.
They begin with the required input and output voltages, then use Vout/Vin = R2/(R1 + R2) to establish the required proportion between the lower resistor and the total resistance. After selecting corresponding resistor values, they verify that the load will not significantly disturb the division and that tolerance requirements are acceptable.
The relationship is used to set amplifier gain, establish reference voltages, balance bridge circuits, and support measurement systems. In each case, the circuit depends on a controlled proportion between resistance values rather than on one isolated resistor. Precision designs also emphasize matching, tolerance control, and temperature stability so the intended behavior remains consistent.
In bridge circuits, selected resistance relationships establish balance conditions, while measurement systems use those relationships to create predictable electrical comparisons or reference levels. Maintaining the intended proportion is essential because ratio errors can appear as inaccurate balance or measurement results. Matching and temperature stability help preserve the relationship as circuit conditions change.