Insect Resistance
Insect Resistance - Related Videos
08:24
Choice and No-Choice Assays for Testing the Resistance of A. thaliana to Chewing Insects
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Cited by 7 •
2008
Plant resistance to chewing insect herbivores can be tested in several ways. Here, we demonstrate how to set-up a choice and a no-choice experiment with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to identify resistance against the pest species Pieris rapae.
12:47
A Technique to Screen American Beech for Resistance to the Beech Scale Insect (Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind.)
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Cited by 8 •
2014
Beech bark disease is initiated by feeding activities of the beech scale insect that create fungal entry points in the bark. Trees that are resistant to the scale insect are also disease resistant. Here we present the protocol we have developed to screen individual beech trees for beech scale resistance.
01:47
Osmoregulation in Insects
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2019
Malpighian tubules are specialized structures found in the digestive systems of many arthropods, including most insects, that handle excretion and osmoregulation. The tubules are typically arranged in pairs and have a convoluted structure that increases their surface area. Malpighian tubules extend from the digestive tract, typically the area between the midgut and hindgut, into the hemolymph—a mixture of blood and interstitial fluid found in insects and other arthropods, as well as most...
06:30
Bioassays for Monitoring Insecticide Resistance
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Cited by 45 •
2010
This manuscript demonstrates and discusses techniques used to survey pesticide susceptibility and detect resistance to contact and systemic pesticides in arthropod pests.
07:42
A Simple Flight Mill for the Study of Tethered Flight in Insects
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Cited by 37 •
2015
Flight in insects is influenced by a number of factors and the propensity to disperse is an important variable in understanding insect ecology and biological control strategies. We describe the construction and use of a simple, relatively inexpensive, and flexible flight mill for measuring parameters of tethered flight in insects.
FAQs
Several inherited changes can contribute, rather than one universal mechanism. Altered detoxification enzymes may help an insect process an insecticide, while changes in target-site proteins can reduce the substance’s effect. Behavioral changes may also reduce exposure. Identifying which mechanism predominates helps explain why a control measure loses effectiveness and informs selection of alternative management approaches.
Selection pressure determines which individuals leave more offspring after treatment. When an insecticide or resistant plant consistently removes susceptible insects, survivors carrying useful traits contribute disproportionately to the next generation. Repeated exposure therefore changes population composition over time, so a control program that initially works well may become progressively less effective.
Insect resistance can be selected by either insecticides or resistant plants, but these represent different control contexts. Both can favor inherited traits that survive the relevant pressure, allowing those traits to spread across generations. This matters because resistance management must consider the control source used in a particular agricultural or environmental program.
Monitoring serves as an early management signal. It can show whether a previously effective control measure is losing effectiveness and whether resistant traits are becoming more common in a population. That information supports decisions about changing tactics before control failure becomes widespread, which is important for agriculture, public health, and environmental management.
Rotating control measures with different modes of action reduces dependence on any single type of pressure. Because resistance can involve detoxification enzymes, target-site proteins, or behavior, changing the mode of action can help slow the continued selection of the same advantageous traits. This strategy is therefore a central part of delaying loss of control effectiveness.
Integrated pest management connects resistance management with ecosystem protection and crop sustainability. Rather than relying on a control measure whose effectiveness is declining, it provides a framework for using resistance-aware choices alongside broader management decisions. Its relevance extends beyond fields because preserving control effectiveness also matters in public health and environmental management.