Key Factors Affecting the Performance of Sb₂S₃-sensitized Solar Cells During an Sb₂S₃ Deposition via SbCl₃-thiourea Complex Solution-processing

This method can help answer key questions in the next generation's research field.Such as, sensitize architectural base through our cells.The main advantage of this technique is that it is a simple solution process for fabrication of high pheromones carrying through our cells.Demonstrating the procedure will be Eunjeong Hwang, on our seasonal researcher from our laboratory.First, add 20 milometers of ethanol to a 15 milliliter vial containing a magnetic stir bar and seal the vial.Transfer the vial to a nitrogen-filled glove box with a moisture controlled system.Using a syringe with a 0.45 micron PVDF filter, add 1.225 milliliters of titanium isopropoxide to the vial and gently stir the mixture for at least 30 minutes.In a second 50 milliliter vial containing a magnetic stir bar, add 20 milliliters of ethanol, 18 microliters of 70%nitric acid, and 138 microliters of water.Gently stir the mixture for at least 30 minutes.After removing the first vial from the glove box, mix the two solutions by pouring the nitric acid solution into the titanium isopropoxide solution.Stir for more than two hours to obtain the transparent 0.1 molar titanium dioxide blocking layer solution.Inside the glove box, prepare an antimony trichloride stock solution by mixing one millimole of antimony trichloride with one millimeter of DMF.Add a proper amount of the stock solution to a vial containing a given amount of thiourea to achieve the desired molar ratio of antimony trichloride and thiourea.Wash a 25 x 25 millimeter FTO coated glass in an ultrasonic bath with acetone for 10 minutes.After washing with ethanol, instantly dry the FTO glass by blowing compressed air over the sample.Next, treat the FTO glass with a UV ozone cleaner for 20 minutes.After cleaning, spin coat ethanol on the FTO glass at 5, 000 RPM for 60 seconds.Immediately spin coat again with the prepared titanium dioxide blocking layer solution at 5, 000 RPM for 60 seconds.Try the FTO glass on a preheated hot plate at 200