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<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53473">Production of Synthetic Nuclear Melt Glass</a></h2>Joshua J. Molgaard1, John D. Auxier II2,3, Andrew V. Giminaro2,3, Colton J. Oldham2, Jonathan Gill2, Howard L. Hall2,3,41Department of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, United States Military Academy, 2Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee, 3Radiochemistry Center of Excellence (RCoE), University of Tennessee, 4Institute for Nuclear Security, University of TennesseeA protocol for the production of synthetic nuclear melt glass, similar to trinitite, is presented.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53388">A Simple Method for the Size Controlled Synthesis of Stable Oligomeric Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions</a></h2>Marlon Lawrence1, Anze Testen1, Tilen Koklic2, Oliver Smithies11Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2Condensed Matter Physics Department, Laboratory of Biophysics, Jozef Stefan InstituteWe describe a simple method for producing highly stable oligomeric clusters of gold nanoparticles via the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) with sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN). The oligoclusters have a narrow size distribution and can be produced with a wide range of sizes and surface coats.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53738">RNAi Trigger Delivery into Anopheles gambiae Pupae</a></h2>Kimberly Regna1, Rachel M. Harrison1, Shannon A. Heyse1, Thomas C. Chiles1, Kristin Michel2, Marc A. T. Muskavitch1,31Biology Department, Boston College, 2Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 3Discovery Research, BiogenRNA interference (RNAi) is an extremely valuable tool for uncovering gene function. However, the ability to target genes using RNAi during pre-adult stages is limited in the major human malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. We describe an RNAi protocol to reduce gene function via direct injection during pupal development.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54034">Spotting Cheetahs: Identifying Individuals by Their Footprints</a></h2>Zoe C. Jewell1, Sky K. Alibhai1, Florian Weise2,3, Stuart Munro2, Marlice Van Vuuren4, Rudie Van Vuuren41WildTrack and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 2N&#8725;a&#8242;an ku s&#234; Research Programme, 3Division of Biology and Conservation Ecology, School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, 4N&#8725;a&#8242;an ku s&#234; FoundationThe cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is an iconic, endangered species, but conservation efforts are challenged by habitat shrinkage and conflict with commercial farmers. The footprint identification technique, a robust, accurate and cost-effective image classification system, is a new approach to monitoring cheetahs.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54233">A Novel Behavioral Assay to Investigate Gustatory Responses of Individual, Freely-moving Bumble Bees (Bombus terrestris)</a></h2>Carolyn Ma, S&#233;bastien Kessler, Alexander Simpson, Geraldine WrightInstitute of Neuroscience, Newcastle UniversityA novel behavioral assay is described for investigating the short term gustatory responses of the mouthparts of freely-moving bumble bees (Bombus terrestris) toward nutrients and toxins in solution. <h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54295">Intracoronary Acetylcholine Provocation Testing for Assessment of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders</a></h2>Peter Ong, Anastasios Athanasiadis, Udo SechtemDepartment of Cardiology, Robert-Bosch-KrankenhausIntracoronary acetylcholine testing has been established for the assessment of epicardial coronary spasm more than 30 years ago. Recently, the focus has shifted towards the microcirculation and it has been shown that microvascular spasm can be detected using ACH-testing. This article describes the ACH-test and its implementation in daily routine.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54429">A Mimic of the Tumor Microenvironment: A Simple Method for Generating Enriched Cell Populations and Investigating Intercellular Communication</a></h2>Jason D. Domogauer, Sonia M. de Toledo, Edouard I. AzzamDepartment of Radiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers UniversityWe adapted a permeable microporous membrane insert to mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME). The model consists of a mixed cell culture, allows simplified generation of highly enriched individual cell populations without using fluorescent tagging or cell sorting, and permits studying intercellular communication within the TME under normal or stress conditions.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54371">Genetic Engineering of an Unconventional Yeast for Renewable Biofuel and Biochemical Production</a></h2>Ai-Qun Yu1,2, Nina Pratomo1,2, Tee-Kheang Ng1,2, Hua Ling1,2, Han-Saem Cho1,2, Susanna Su Jan Leong1,2,3, Matthew Wook Chang1,21Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 3Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Singapore Institute of TechnologyWe herein report methods on the molecular genetic manipulation of the Yarrowia lipolytica Po1g strain for improved gene deletion efficiency. The resulting engineered Y. lipolytica strains have potential applications in biofuel and biochemical production.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54420">Species Determination and Quantitation in Mixtures Using MRM Mass Spectrometry of Peptides Applied to Meat Authentication</a></h2>Yvonne Gunning1, Andrew D. Watson1, Neil M. Rigby2, Mark Philo1, Joshua K. Peazer1,3, E. Kate Kemsley11Analytical Sciences Unit, Institute of Food Research, 2Institute of Food Research, 3School of Chemistry, University of East AngliaWe present a protocol for identifying and quantifying the components in mixtures of species possessing similar proteins. Mass spectrometry detects peptides for identification, and gives relative quantitation by ratios of peak areas. As a tool food for fraud detection, the method can detect 1% horse in beef.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53602">Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an (A)BSL-4 Laboratory: 3. Aerobiology</a></h2>J. Kyle Bohannon, Krisztina Janosko, Michael R. Holbrook, Jason Barr, Daniela Pusl, Laura Bollinger, Linda Coe, Lisa E. Hensley, Peter B. Jahrling, Jiro Wada, Jens H. Kuhn, Matthew G. LackemeyerIntegrated Research Facility at Frederick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)As high-consequence pathogens can potentially infect subjects through airborne particles, aerobiology has been increasingly applied in pathogenesis research and medical countermeasure development. We present a detailed visual demonstration of aerobiology procedures during an aerosol challenge in nonhuman primates in an animal biosafety level 4 maximum containment environment.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/52317">Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an (A)BSL-4 Laboratory: 1. Biosafety Level 4 Suit Laboratory Suite Entry and Exit Procedures</a></h2>Krisztina Janosko1, Michael R. Holbrook1, Ricky Adams1, Jason Barr1, Laura Bollinger1, Je T'aime Newton2, Corrie Ntiforo2, Linda Coe1, Jiro Wada1, Daniela Pusl1, Peter B. Jahrling1, Jens H. Kuhn1, Matthew G. Lackemeyer11Integrated Research Facility at Frederick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 2Environmental Health and Safety, Biological and Chemical Safety Program, University of Texas Medical BranchAlthough researchers are generally knowledgeable about procedures and safety precautions required for biosafety level 1 or 2 (BSL-1/2) experiments, they may not be familiar with experimental procedures in BSL-4 suit laboratories. This article provides a detailed visual demonstration of BSL-4 suit laboratory systems check, laboratory entry, movement, and exit procedures.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53600">Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an (A)BSL-4 Laboratory: 2. General Practices</a></h2>Steven Mazur, Michael R. Holbrook, Tracey Burdette, Nicole Josleyn, Jason Barr, Daniela Pusl, Laura Bollinger, Linda Coe, Peter B. Jahrling, Matthew G. Lackemeyer, Jiro Wada, Jens H. Kuhn, Krisztina JanoskoIntegrated Research Facility at Frederick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)Performing viral assays in a BSL-4 laboratory is more involved compared to work in a BSL-2 laboratory due to required additional safety precautions. Here, we present an overview of practices and procedures used inside a BSL-4 laboratory illustrating proper Class II biosafety cabinet usage, waste management/disposal, and sample removal.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54744">A Buoyancy-based Method of Determining Fat Levels in Drosophila</a></h2>Kelsey E. Hazegh, T&#226;nia ReisDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusHere we present a method to measure organismal fat levels in the third instar (L3) larval stage of Drosophila melanogaster. This method exploits the comparatively low density of fat tissue to differentiate between larvae with altered fat stores. Buoyancy-based analysis is a valuable tool for rapid, reproducible, and economical screening.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54790">Using Pharmacological Manipulation and High-precision Radio Telemetry to Study the Spatial Cognition in Free-ranging Animals</a></h2>Timothy C. Roth*1, Aaron R. Krochmal*2, William B. Gerwig, IV1, Sage Rush3, Nathaniel T. Simmons2, Jeffery D. Sullivan4, Katrina Wachter51Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, 2Department of Biology, Washington College, 3University of Pennsylvania, 4School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, 5Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaThis paper describes a novel protocol that combines the pharmacological manipulation of memory and radio telemetry to document and quantify the role of cognition in navigation.

2016: this year in jove

Welcome to <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE</a>'s Year in Review, where we highlight some of the most interesting video protocols of the past year.
In January 2016 JoVE started out with a bang...or rather, it didn't need to...as <a href="http://www.jove.com/eng">JoVE Engineering</a> gave us a protocol for the production of <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53473/production-of-synthetic-nuclear-melt-glass">synthetic nuclear melt glass</a>. This is a valuable tool for forensic study of post-detonation, without the boom.
February was a treasure of a month for JoVE - not only did we publish our 6000th article, but in <a href="http://www.jove.com/chem">JoVE Chemistry</a> we showcased research on <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53388/a-simple-method-for-size-controlled-synthesis-stable-oligomeric">gold nanoparticles</a> from the laboratory of a Nobel Prize winner.
In March, <a href="http://www.jove.com/biology">JoVE Biology</a> described <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53738/rnai-trigger-delivery-into-anopheles-gambiae-pupae">RNA interference</a> in the malaria vector Mosquito Anopheles gambiae, through direct pupal injection. This promising research may pave the way for the next generation of mosquito-borne disease control.
April heralded the launch of a new Science Education collection - <a href="http://www.jove.com/science-education/chem">Chemistry</a>. Here, we unveiled protocols covering the fundamentals of general, organic, and Inorganic chemistry - giving students the chance to explore lab techniques, common equipment, and core theories of Chemistry.
Shhh! In May, <a href="http://www.jove.com/enviro">JoVE Environment</a> profiled a novel technique for tracking and <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54034/spotting-cheetahs-identifying-individuals-by-their-footprints">identifying individual cheetahs</a> from just their footprints...allowing researchers to better monitor and protect Africa's most endangered large Felid.
June gave us the new Science Education <a href="http://www.jove.com/science-education/clinicskills">Clinical Skills</a> collections, providing a foundation for performing physical examinations of patients including the assessment of vital signs, and basic external and internal evaluations.
In July, <a href="http://www.jove.com/neuro">JoVE Neuroscience</a> was buzzing with cool science. We showcased research into the taste <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54233/a-novel-behavioral-assay-to-investigate-gustatory-responses">perception of honeybees</a> to different nutrients and toxins and how this influences the feeding behavior of these critical pollinators.
<a href="http://www.jove.com/med">JoVE Medicine</a> got to the heart of the matter in August...profiling a new method to help investigate <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54295/intracoronary-acetylcholine-provocation-testing-for-assessment">angina</a> and identify constrictions in coronary arteries.
September launched three new JoVE Journal sections covering Genetics, Cancer Research, and Biochemistry.These new collections include groundbreaking research into topics as diverse as genetic engineering of unconventional <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54371/genetic-engineering-an-unconventional-yeast-for-renewable-biofuel">yeast strains for biofuels</a>...mass spectrometry for <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54420/species-determination-quantitation-mixtures-using-mrm-mass">meat authentication</a>...and mixed cell culture models to mimic <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54429/a-mimic-tumor-microenvironment-simple-method-for-generating-enriched">tumor microenvironments</a>.
In October, JoVE <a href="http://www.jove.com/i2">Immunology and Infection</a> took us behind the scenes in a Biosafety Level 4 facility. In a four article series, we showed how researchers operate <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53602/safety-precautions-operating-procedures-an-bsl-4-laboratory-3">aerobiology chambers</a>...use <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/52317/safety-precautions-operating-procedu">safety suits</a> and <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53600/safety-precautions-operating-procedures-an-bsl-4-laboratory-2-general">biosafety cabinets</a>...and perform <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53601/safety-precautions-operating-procedures-an-bsl-4-laboratory-4-medical">medical imaging</a> in an environment containing life threatening diseases like the Ebola virus.
November's <a href="http://www.jove.com/behavior">JoVE Behavior</a> explored...um...oh yes...memory.Our authors showed that <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54790/using-pharmacological-manipulation-high-precision-radio-telemetry-to">turtles</a> actively use memory and recall to find their seasonal habitats, and not simply environmental cues.
Finally, in December, <a href="http://www.jove.com/bioengineering">JoVE Bioengineering</a> helped us to see things more clearly, with a new technique for performing <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54774/three-dimensional-super-resolution-microscopy-f-actin-filaments">3D super-resolution microscopy</a> of individual cell structures and components.
This Year in Review was just a sampling of more than 1100 video-articles that JoVE published in 2016. Browse the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive">JoVE archives</a> for thousands of other videos, and come back each week to see brand-new material in <a href="http://www.jove.com">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>

2016: This Year in JoVE

Welcome to JoVE's Year in Review, where we highlight some of the most interesting video protocols of the past year.
In January 2016 JoVE started out with ...

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