The dimensions of the pulmonary veins (PV) are important parameters when planning pulmonary vein isolation. 2D transoesophageal echocardiography can only provide limited data about the PVs; however, 3D echocardiography can evaluate relevant diameters and areas of the PVs, as well as their spatial relationship to surrounding structures.
Jenei, C., Nagy, L., Urbancsek, R., Czuriga, D., Csanadi, Z. Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Method for the Visualization and Assessment of Specific Parameters of the Pulmonary Veins. J. Vis. Exp. (164), e61215, doi:10.3791/61215 (2020).