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Method Article

Wire Myography for Dorsal Aorta and Mesenteric Resistance Arteries from Mice and Rats

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DOI:

10.3791/70186

February 27th, 2026

* These authors contributed equally

In This Article

Summary

We provide a detailed protocol for side-by-side wire myography to assess vascular reactivity in conduit versus resistance arteries isolated from mice and rats.

Abstract

Wire myography is a widely used ex vivo technique for the quantitative assessment of vascular function in isolated arteries. Because large conduit and small resistance arteries differ fundamentally in structure and physiological role, analyzing both vessel classes in parallel using arteries harvested from the same mouse or rat enables paired comparisons that reduce inter-animal variability and reveal vessel-specific functional changes. This article presents a step-by-step protocol for assessing vascular reactivity in isolated murine conduit and resistance arteries using isometric wire myography. We describe the preparation of fresh, oxygenated physiological buffer; careful dissection, cleaning, and mounting of arterial segments; and normalization to set vessels near their optimal length for active force generation. A troubleshooting guide and an example experimental sequence for generating cumulative concentration-response curves to standard vasoconstrictors and vasodilators are provided. This protocol allows quantitative measurement of both endothelial and smooth muscle function and facilitates detection of vessel-specific alterations in vascular reactivity associated with vascular disease, such as hypertension.

Introduction

Hypertension is characterized by altered vascular reactivity, such as endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle hyperreactivity to vasoconstrictors1. These functional changes, together with microvascular remodeling and rarefaction, contribute to impaired tissue perfusion and dysregulated blood pressure2,3,4. Ex vivo assays of isolated vessels are powerful tools for dissecting the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control vascular tone in health and disease, as they allow precise control of the vascular microenvironment and select....

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Protocol

The following protocol adheres to the guidelines set and has been approved by The University of Toledo Health Science Campus Animal Care and Use Committee.

CAUTION Before you begin, please follow Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) and Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) guidelines at all times; use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE); exercise care when using surgical or other sharp instruments; consult and comply with relevant Safety Data Sheets (SDS) when handling chemicals and biological tissues; handle carbogen as a pressurized gas cylinder using approved regulators and secure storage; and dispose of bio....

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Results

A schematic depicting the overall workflow of wire myography in conduit and resistance arteries isolated from mice or rats is shown in Figure 1. Representative images of isolation and mounting of a mouse thoracic aortic ring and a 2nd-order MRA are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, respectively. Software screenshots depicting pretensioning and normalization procedures using a rat aortic ring and an MRA are shown in

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Discussion

Wire myography remains a powerful, high-resolution approach for interrogating vascular function ex vivo. When executed carefully, this method provides reliable quantitative endpoints that address distinct biological questions while allowing rigorous comparison of macro- and microvascular beds within the same animal. Conduit artery studies reveal changes in global arterial mechanics and large-vessel reactivity relevant to pulse pressure and aortic stiffness, whereas resistance artery experiments probe microvascul.......

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Disclosures

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Acknowledgements

The work was supported by an NHLBI award (R00 HL153896 to I.O.) and startup funds from the University of Toledo.

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Materials

List of materials used in this article
NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
15 mL Conical Centrifuge TubesThermo Fisher Scientific14-959-70C
50 mL Conical Centrifuge TubesThermo Fisher Scientific14-959-49A
Acetic acidThermo Fisher ScientificA490-212
AcetylcholineMillipore SigmaA6625-100G
Analytical BalanceMettler ToledoMX304
CaCl2Thermo Fisher ScientificC79-500
Carbogen (95% O2/5% CO2)AirgasCD USP50
Dissection Microscope ZEISSZEISS Stemi 305
Dissection petri dishLiving Systems InstrumentationDD-90-S-BLK
Dissection pinsDanish Myo Technology400626
Dissection tool kitDanish Myo Technology101017Kit consists of dissection scissor (1), multi-purpose scissor (1), Petri dishes (5), forceps (3) and dissection pins.
Dumont #5 - Fine ForcepsFine Science Tools11254-20
EDTAThermo Fisher ScientificBP2482-500
Freezer (-20 °C)Thermo Fisher ScientificTSG2325FA
Freezer Hinged BoxesUSA Scientific2310-5848
Gloves (Large)Thermo Fisher Scientific19-041-171D
Gloves (Medium)Thermo Fisher Scientific19-041-171C
Gloves (Small)Thermo Fisher Scientific19-041-171B
GlucoseThermo Fisher ScientificD16-500
Graduated CylinderThermo Fisher Scientific08-572G
GraphPad PrismGraphPad SoftwareN/AData analysis and graphical presentation
Hydrochloric Acid SolutionThermo Fisher ScientificSA48-1
Ice BucketThermo Fisher Scientific03-395-156
KClThermo Fisher ScientificP217-500
KH2PO4Thermo Fisher ScientificP380-500
LabChart 8 SoftwareAD InstrumentsN/AData capture software
Laboratory RefrigeratorThermo Fisher ScientificFBG49RPGA
LED Light SourceThermo Fisher ScientificAMPSILED21
Magnetic StirrerThermo Fisher ScientificFB30786159
Magnetic Stirring Bars (Large)Thermo Fisher Scientific14-513-68
Magnetic Stirring Bars (Medium)Thermo Fisher Scientific14-513-61
MgSO4Thermo Fisher ScientificM63-500
Micro Spoon and Spatula Sampling SetThermo Fisher ScientificS43322
Microcentrifuge TubesUSA Scientific1615-5510
Mini MicrocentrifugeThermo Fisher Scientific07-203-954
Mini-screwdriverThermo Fisher ScientificNC1349489
Multi wire myograph systemDanish Myo TechnologyDMT 620M
NaCl Thermo Fisher ScientificS271-3
NaHCO3Thermo Fisher ScientificS233-500
pH MeterThermo Fisher Scientific01-912-351Includes pH meter, LE420 sensor, installation QuickGuide, and pH buffer starter pack
Phenylephrine Millipore SigmaP6126-5G
Pipet ControllerThermo Fisher Scientific01-001-023
Pipette Tips in Racks (10 µL)USA Scientific1111-3810
Pipette Tips in Racks (1000 µL)USA Scientific1111-2830
Pipette Tips in Racks (200 µL)USA Scientific1111-1810
PYREX Reusable Media Storage BottlesThermo Fisher Scientific06-414-1D
Serological Pipettes (10 mL)Thermo Fisher Scientific02-923-204
Serological Pipettes (25 mL)Thermo Fisher Scientific02-923-205
Single-Channel micropipette Multi-PackThermo Fisher Scientific13-684-2503x pipettes (0.5-10 μL, 10-100 μL, 100-1000 μL)
Stainless steel wire (40 μm)Danish Myo Technology400447
TimerThermo Fisher Scientific02-261-840
Ultra Pure Water SystemSartoriusH2O-MM-UV-SET-US
Vannas Spring ScissorsFine Science Tools15000-00
Volumetric FlaskThermo Fisher Scientific13-756-400
Vortex MixerThermo Fisher Scientific10-320-807
Water bathThermo Fisher Scientific07-202-155
Weighing DishesThermo Fisher Scientific02-202-101

References

  1. De Oliveira, M. G., Nadruz, W. Jr, Mónica, F. Z. Endothelial and vascular smooth muscle dysfunction in hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol. 205, 115263(2022).
  2. Gallo, G., Volpe, M., Savoia, C. Endothelial dysfunction in hypertension: current concepts and clinical impli....

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Tags

Vascular ReactivityMesenteric ArteriesIsometric MyographyArterial DissectionVascular FunctionEndothelial FunctionSmooth Muscle Function

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