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In JoVE (1)
Other Publications (3)
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Articles by Prasad R. Shirvalkar in JoVE
JoVE Neuroscience
डिजाइन और एक साथ तंत्रिका उत्तेजना और जल भूलभुलैया में रिकॉर्डिंग के लिए एक लागत प्रभावी Headstage का निर्माण
Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine
हम एक कम लागत वाली विधि के लिए डिजाइन और एक साथ तंत्रिका रिकॉर्डिंग और उत्तेजना क्षमता के साथ एक प्रकाश headstage पूर्व एम्पलीफायर प्रणाली का निर्माण वर्तमान. इस डिवाइस स्विमिंग पशुओं में उपयोग के लिए waterproofed किया जा सकता है.
Other articles by Prasad R. Shirvalkar on PubMed
Hippocampal Neural Assemblies and Conscious Remembering
The hippocampal formation is needed to encode episodic memories, which may be consciously recalled at some future time. This review examines recent advances in understanding recollection in the context of spatiotemporally organized relational memory coding and discusses predictions and challenges for future research on conscious remembering.
Bidirectional Changes to Hippocampal Theta-gamma Comodulation Predict Memory for Recent Spatial Episodes
Episodic memory requires the hippocampus, which is thought to bind cortical inputs into conjunctive codes. Local field potentials (LFPs) reflect dendritic and synaptic oscillations whose temporal structure may coordinate cellular mechanisms of plasticity and memory. We now report that single-trial spatial memory performance in rats was predicted by the power comodulation of theta (4-10 Hz) and low gamma (30-50 Hz) rhythms in the hippocampus. Theta-gamma comodulation (TGC) was prominent during successful memory retrieval but was weak when memory failed or was unavailable during spatial exploration in sample trials. Muscimol infusion into medial septum reduced the probability of TGC and successful memory retrieval. In contrast, patterned electrical stimulation of the fimbria-fornix increased TGC in amnestic animals and partially rescued memory performance in the water maze. The results suggest that TGC accompanies memory retrieval in the hippocampus and that patterned brain stimulation may inform therapeutic strategies for cognitive disorders.
Memory-guided Learning: CA1 and CA3 Neuronal Ensembles Differentially Encode the Commonalities and Differences Between Situations
Memory influences learning, but how neural signals support such transfer are unknown. To investigate these mechanisms, we trained rats to perform a standard spatial memory task in a plus maze and tested how training affected learning and neural coding in two new task variants. A switch task exchanged the start and goal locations in the same environment, whereas, an altered environment task contained unfamiliar local and distal cues. Learning was facilitated in both variants compared with the acquisition of the standard task. In the switch task, performance was largely maintained, and was accompanied by immediate and stable place-field remapping. Place-field maps in CA1 were anticorrelated in the standard and switch sessions, and the anticorrelation covaried with switch performance. Simultaneously, CA3 maps were uncorrelated overall in the standard and switch, though many CA3 cells had fields in shifted locations in the same maze arms. In the altered environment, performance was initially impaired, and place fields changed dynamically. CA1 fields were initially unstable, and their stabilization correlated with improving performance. Most CA3 cells, however, stopped firing on the maze in the altered environment, even as the same cells maintained prominent fields in standard sessions recorded before and after. CA1 and CA3 place fields thus revealed different coding dynamics that correlated with both learning and memory performance. Together, CA1 and CA3 ensembles represented the similarities and differences between new and familiar situations through concurrent rate and place remapping.
