Electrokinetic Preconcentration
Electrokinetic Preconcentration - Related Videos
20:38
AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures
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Cited by 3 •
2008
Manipulating fluids and suspended particles in the micro- and nano-scale is becoming more of a reality as enabling technologies, like AC electrokinetics, continue to develop. Here, we discuss the physics behind AC electrokinetics, how to fabricate these devices and how to interpret the experimental observations.
09:55
Preparation of Janus Particles and Alternating Current Electrokinetic Measurements with a Rapidly Fabricated Indium Tin Oxide Electrode Array
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Cited by 2 •
2017
In this article, a simple method to prepare partially or fully coated metallic particles and to perform AC electrokinetic property measurements with a rapidly fabricated indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode array is demonstrated.
05:26
Paper-Based Preconcentration and Isolation of Microvesicles and Exosomes
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Cited by 4 •
2020
Presented is a protocol to fabricate a paper-based device for the effective enrichment and isolation of microvesicles and exosomes.
08:53
Automated 90Sr Separation and Preconcentration in a Lab-on-Valve System at Ppq Level
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Cited by 2 •
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Here, we present the portable autoRAD platform for quick radiometric separation and determination of 90Sr, an important fission product highly pertinent to nuclear waste.
08:06
Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
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2017
The protocol for a novel ion concentration polarization (ICP) platform that can stop the propagation of the ICP zone, regardless of the operating conditions is described. This unique ability of the platform lies in the use of merging ion depletion and enrichment, which are two polarities of the ICP phenomenon.
FAQs
Conductivity differences alter how the applied electric field is distributed within the microchannel. When a sample encounters regions with different conductivity or buffer composition, charged biomolecules can accumulate at the resulting boundary rather than continuing to migrate uniformly. The focused zone contains more analyte in a smaller region, which strengthens the signal available for subsequent separation or detection.
Electrophoretic migration moves charged proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules according to their response to the electric field. Electroosmotic flow transports the surrounding buffer through the microchannel and contributes to overall analyte movement. Their combined effects determine where molecules travel and whether they accumulate sufficiently for improved biochemical measurement.
Analyte mobility influences how quickly a charged molecule responds to the applied voltage, while buffer composition affects the electrical and transport conditions inside the channel. Differences in these properties can cause molecules to move at different rates or collect near a transition zone. Controlling them helps establish concentration conditions suited to the biomolecules being analyzed.
The method increases the local amount of analyte by gathering molecules into a focused zone before detection or separation. A detector therefore encounters a stronger concentration signal even though the original sample volume remains small. This feature is especially valuable when proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, or biomarkers are present at low abundance and cannot be measured reliably in a dispersed sample.
A typical workflow places the biochemical sample and selected buffer conditions in a microchannel, applies a voltage, and allows charged analytes to migrate and accumulate. The resulting concentrated zone is then directed toward a separation or detection step. Researchers assess the enhanced signal or improved analyte handling to determine whether the concentration stage supports the assay objective.
Electrokinetic preconcentration can support microfluidic assays, electrophoresis, biosensing, and investigations of low-abundance biomarkers. Its scope includes charged biomolecules such as proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids. By concentrating these targets before measurement, the approach helps small-volume systems obtain more informative signals while retaining compatibility with downstream analytical steps.