Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine
Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine - Related Videos
07:06
Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
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2011
A recently developed novel particle agglutination (PA) assay utilizing virus receptor molecule allowed a rapid and easy identification of poliovirus (PV). In this article, we will show the procedure for the PA assay for PV identification.
01:58
X-Inactivation
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2019
The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results. Instead, in order to avoid this potential issue, female mammalian cells inactivate nearly all the genes in one of their X chromosomes during early embryonic development. In the nuclear envelope surrounding the cell nucleus, the inactivated X chromosome...
01:51
Vaccinations
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2019
Overview Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material from pathogens to confer immunity against a specific microorganism. Vaccination primes the immune system to recognize and mount an immune response faster and more effectively if the real pathogen is encountered. Vaccinations are one of the most efficient ways to protect both individual humans and the general public from disease. A growing anti-vaccination skepticism risks the successes of vaccination programs that helped reduce...
08:10
A Liquid Phase Affinity Capture Assay Using Magnetic Beads to Study Protein-Protein Interaction: The Poliovirus-Nanobody Example
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Cited by 3 •
2012
In this article, a simple, quantitative, liquid phase affinity capture assay is presented. It is a reliable technique based on the interaction between magnetic beads and tagged proteins (e.g. nanobodies) on one hand and the affinity between the tagged protein and a second, labeled protein (e.g. poliovirus) on the other.
06:17
Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination
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Cited by 27 •
2016
Here, we present a protocol for synthesizing virus-like particles using either baculovirus or mammalian expression systems, and ultracentrifugation purification. This highly customizable approach is used to identify viral antigens as vaccine targets in a safe and flexible manner.
FAQs
Chemical inactivation prevents the poliovirus particles from replicating after injection, while preserving the antigenic features recognized by the immune system. This combination allows IPV to stimulate production of neutralizing antibodies without introducing replicating poliovirus. The preserved antigens therefore connect the vaccine’s nonreplicating contents to a protective immune response.
Neutralizing antibodies provide a targeted immune response against poliovirus after vaccination. If a vaccinated person later encounters the virus, these antibodies are part of the protection that can reduce the likelihood that infection will progress to paralysis. Their production is therefore a key biological outcome linking antigen exposure with disease prevention.
IPV stimulates not only neutralizing antibodies but also immune memory. Memory allows the immune system to retain information about poliovirus antigens beyond the initial vaccination response. That retained information supports a faster, more prepared response when the vaccinated person encounters poliovirus, strengthening the vaccine’s contribution to protection against poliomyelitis.
After injection, the immune system encounters chemically inactivated poliovirus particles whose antigens remain available for recognition. Because the particles cannot replicate, the relevant biological effect is immune stimulation rather than viral multiplication. The response includes production of neutralizing antibodies and immune memory, which together prepare the body for a later encounter with poliovirus.
IPV is especially important for preventing paralysis associated with poliovirus infection of the nervous system. Its protective immune response helps a vaccinated person resist the severe neurological consequence that makes poliomyelitis dangerous. This outcome gives the vaccine significance beyond exposure alone, because protection is evaluated in relation to prevention of debilitating disease.
High vaccination coverage extends protection across a population, reducing opportunities for poliovirus to cause disease and supporting population-level prevention. Surveillance complements that protection by forming part of the broader effort to track and control polio. Together, vaccination and surveillance support sustained control and the long-term goal of eradication.