Murine Infection Model
Murine Infection Model - Related Videos
02:21
Generation of a Murine Model with a Central Nervous System Infection
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2025
This video demonstrates the generation of a mouse model with a CNS infection. A suckling pup is injected with the virus both intracranially and intraperitoneally. The virus spreads, infecting the CNS causing neuronal cell death and inflammation. The pup is assessed for symptoms of infection as the disease progresses.
02:53
Generating Urinary Tract Infection Model: A Technique to Administer Uropathogenic Bacteria in Mouse to Develop Urinary Tract Infection Model
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2025
In this video, we describe the technique for the intravesical administration of uropathogenic bacteria to generate a urinary tract infection model in mice. This model can be used to understand the spread of uropathogenic bacterial infection within the urinary system and the mechanisms that determine UTI susceptibility.
02:46
Intranasal Murine Herpesvirus Infection in Mice to Assess Host Immune Responses
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2026
Source: Zhang, J., et al. P. Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production. J. Vis. Exp. (2014)This video demonstrates intranasal delivery of murine herpesvirus in mice to induce a lung-specific immune response. Lung tissue is subsequently processed to obtain cytokine-containing supernatants for downstream assessment of host immune responses.
04:29
Monitoring Neutrophil Recruitment Dynamics and Bacterial Burden at the Infection Site in a Murine Model
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2025
This video demonstrates in vivo imaging to study the neutrophil recruitment dynamics at an infection site in an immunocompromised, transgenic mouse with GFP-expressing neutrophils. It involves injecting luminescent bacteria to cause an infection. This leads to neutrophil recruitment to the infection site, whose tracking is done by imaging.
03:06
Preparation of a Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model to Establish Bacterial Lung Infections
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2026
Source: Nielsen, T. B., et al., Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia. J. Vis. Exp. (2018)This video demonstrates the procedure of delivering bacteria through the oropharynx into the lungs of an anesthetized mouse to induce lung infection and trigger an immune response.
FAQs
Researchers can use the model to connect molecular and cellular events with whole-organism consequences. Measurements of pathogen replication and host immune responses can be interpreted alongside tissue damage and clinical outcomes, allowing investigators to examine how infection mechanisms scale from biological processes in specific cells or molecules to disease patterns observed across the host.
Following both pathogen replication and immune activity over time helps distinguish the infectious agent’s behavior from the host’s response. Their relationship can be considered together with tissue damage and clinical outcomes, revealing whether disease severity accompanies increased replication, altered immunity, or both. This integrated view supports analysis of host-pathogen interactions rather than a single isolated measurement.
Controlled conditions make comparisons between experimental groups more interpretable because pathogen exposure and subsequent observations occur within a defined experimental framework. Researchers can then assess virulence or compare interventions while tracking consistent categories of evidence, including replication, immune responses, tissue damage, and clinical outcomes. These controls do not eliminate biological variation or model limitations.
The workflow begins with introducing a pathogen or pathogen-derived material under controlled conditions. Researchers then monitor the host and infectious agent over time, collecting information on immune responses, pathogen replication, tissue damage, and clinical outcomes. This sequence links the initial experimental challenge to later biological and disease-related observations without limiting assessment to a single endpoint.
These models let researchers examine whether vaccines, antimicrobial treatments, or host-directed therapies alter infection-related outcomes before clinical studies. Assessment can include pathogen replication, immune responses, tissue damage, and clinical outcomes, so an intervention is considered in relation to both the infectious agent and the host. That breadth helps connect treatment effects with biological and disease-level consequences.
Animal welfare is a necessary consideration because the investigation uses a living mammalian host, while model limitations affect how broadly findings should be interpreted. Recognizing those limits prevents researchers from treating results as complete representations of infection in every setting. Together, welfare considerations and cautious interpretation support responsible use of murine systems in infectious disease research.
It supports microbiology by examining infectious agents, immunology by measuring host immune responses, and pathology by relating infection to tissue damage. Its connection to infectious disease biology comes from integrating these observations with pathogen replication and clinical outcomes. This cross-disciplinary structure helps researchers study disease as a process involving both the agent and the mammalian host.