Photon Properties
Photon Properties - Related Videos
10:35
Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
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2014
Disordered structures offer new mechanisms for forming photonic bandgaps and unprecedented freedom in functional-defect designs. To circumvent the computational challenges of disordered systems, we construct modular macroscopic samples of the new class of PBG materials and use microwaves to characterize their scale-invariant photonic properties, in an easy and inexpensive manner.
08:44
Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
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Cited by 1 •
2018
We describe the process of fabrication and testing of photonic thermometers.
04:32
Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina
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2025
Source: Wang, Z., et al. Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina. J. Vis. Exp. (2021).This video demonstrates a technique for in vivo retinal imaging using two-photon microscopy. Anesthetized mice are prepared for imaging by securing their heads, Applying eye lubricant, and placing a coverslip over the eye. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) expressing fluorescent proteins are first visualized using epifluorescence for alignment. Finally, two-photon imaging is employed,...
13:02
Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation
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Cited by 3 •
2017
We present a protocol for fabricating 1-D photonic crystal cavities on subwavelength diameter silica fibers (optical nanofibers) using femtosecond laser-induced ablation.
11:08
Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
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Cited by 14 •
2012
Use of photonic crystal slow light waveguides and cavities has been widely adopted by the photonics community in many differing applications. Therefore fabrication and characterization of these devices are of great interest. This paper outlines our fabrication technique and two optical characterization methods, namely: interferometric (waveguides) and resonant scattering (cavities).
FAQs
Photon frequency sets the energy available for interaction through E = hν, where h is Planck’s constant and ν is frequency. Higher-frequency photons carry more energy per photon, which can alter the type of molecular response that follows absorption. Depending on the molecule and environment, that response may involve electronic excitation, fluorescence, photochemistry, or heat-producing relaxation.
Absorption probability helps determine whether a photon actually transfers its energy to a molecule. A photon that is not absorbed cannot directly produce the molecule’s excitation or subsequent response. This property therefore affects how biological samples respond to light and helps explain why photon behavior is central to measuring cellular components and following light-driven molecular processes.
The same initial absorption event can lead to different outcomes because the molecular environment influences how excited energy is handled. Excitation may be followed by fluorescence, a photochemical reaction, or relaxation that produces heat. Distinguishing these pathways is important when interpreting light-based measurements, since the observed signal or biological effect depends on the fate of the absorbed energy.
Frequency determines photon energy, but wavelength, polarization, and direction also characterize how light behaves during interactions with matter. These properties provide additional information about the light reaching a biological system and can affect how researchers describe or control an optical measurement. Considering them alongside absorption probability gives a more complete account of photon behavior than energy alone.
Fluorescence microscopy uses photon absorption and the resulting fluorescence to examine cellular components. A molecule absorbs light, becomes electronically excited, and then can emit fluorescence as it returns through a lower-energy pathway. Researchers use this emitted signal to obtain information about cellular structures or components, making photon energy and molecular energy transitions central to image formation.
Spectroscopy applies the interaction between photons and matter to measure biological properties. Photon energy, wavelength, absorption, and the resulting molecular response can provide information about cellular components and molecular processes. Because absorption may lead to fluorescence, photochemistry, or heat-producing relaxation, the measured optical response can reflect both the molecules present and how they handle absorbed energy.
In optogenetics, photon interactions help researchers investigate how light regulates biology, while photosynthesis research examines biological processes that depend on light-driven molecular events. Photon energy and absorption determine whether molecules become excited or undergo photochemical reactions. These properties connect the physics of electromagnetic radiation with studies of biological regulation and energy-related processes in living systems.