Solid-state Bioreactor
Solid-state Bioreactor - Related Videos
12:54
Operation of a Benchtop Bioreactor
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Cited by 9 •
2013
Fermentors are used to increase culture yield and productivity of bioengineered cells. After screening multiple microbial or animal cell culture candidates in shake flasks, the next logical step is to increase the selected culture’s biomass with the fermentor. This video demonstrates the setup and operation of a typical benchtop bioreactor system.
09:40
Batch and Continuous Bioreactors
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2023
Bioreactors are used to grow organisms in large volumes, thereby enabling the production of mass quantities of the target product. These reactors can be batch reactors, which contain all of the components needed for cell growth, or continuous reactors, which have inlet and outlet ports allowing for the addition of fresh growth media and the removal of cell waste. This video presents batch and continuous reactors and demonstrates the use of bioreactors to grow bacteria in the laboratory.
08:13
A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
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Cited by 8 •
2015
A novel reactor design, coined a high density bioreactor (HDBR), is presented for the cultivation and study of high density microbial communities. Here, the HDBR is successfully applied in a photobioreactor (PBR) configuration for the study of nitrogen metabolism by a mixed high density algal community.
10:49
Power Input Measurements in Stirred Bioreactors at Laboratory Scale
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Cited by 9 •
2018
The power input in stirred bioreactors can be measured through the torque that acts on the impeller shaft during rotation. This manuscript describes how an air bearing can be used to effectively reduce friction losses observed in mechanical seals and improve the accuracy of power input measurements in small-scale vessels.
02:37
Metallic Solids
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2020
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties. All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
FAQs
Moisture must support biological activity without creating substantial free-flowing water, while aeration supplies the gaseous conditions needed during cultivation. These variables work together with temperature control to regulate growth and metabolism throughout the moist solid material. Maintaining their balance helps the culture remain productive and supports formation of enzymes, organic acids, antibiotics, or other targeted bioproducts.
The substrate performs two connected roles: it physically supports microorganisms or cells and supplies nutrients for biological activity. Because the culture grows on the material rather than in a freely flowing liquid, the substrate also shapes the local cultivation environment. Agricultural residues can therefore serve as both biological feedstock and structural support while undergoing conversion into useful products.
Biological growth and metabolism can make temperature regulation an important operating consideration. Heat removal works alongside controlled aeration, moisture, and temperature management to keep conditions suitable for the culture. If heat is not adequately managed, the cultivation environment may become less consistent across the solid material, affecting biological activity and the production of the desired bioproduct.
Its defining operating environment contains little or no free-flowing water, so biological activity occurs on a moist solid material rather than in a predominantly liquid phase. This distinction can reduce liquid waste and produce more concentrated product streams. It also creates conditions that resemble many natural habitats, making the approach relevant to biological systems adapted to solid, moist surroundings.
A practical operating plan should monitor and regulate moisture, aeration, temperature, and heat removal. The solid material must remain sufficiently moist for growth while avoiding excess free-flowing water, and temperature must remain compatible with the culture’s metabolism. Coordinating these conditions helps maintain a suitable cultivation environment and supports consistent biological production across the substrate.
This cultivation approach supports production of several biologically derived products, including enzymes, organic acids, antibiotics, fermented foods, and other bioproducts. The specific outcome depends on the microorganism or cell system, the solid substrate, and the controlled cultivation conditions. Product streams may be relatively concentrated, which can be useful when recovering materials from the biological process.
Agricultural residues can provide the moist solid material on which biological cultivation and conversion occur. Their use connects product formation with the transformation of otherwise underused biomass, supporting waste valorization in biotechnology. This application gives the system significance beyond cultivation alone, because the substrate can be converted while biological products such as enzymes, organic acids, or other compounds are generated.
They combine biological production with features that can reduce liquid waste, generate concentrated product streams, and convert agricultural residues. These characteristics support more resource-conscious processing while retaining applications in food fermentation and industrial bioproduct production. In biology, the systems also provide a way to study and use cultivation conditions that resemble moist, solid natural habitats.