Tray Dip Method
Tray Dip Method - Related Videos
11:20
The Effect of Reflux Ratio on Tray Distillation Efficiency
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2023
Source: Kerry M. Dooley and Michael G. Benton, Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA Tray and packed columns are both commonly used for distillation, absorption, and stripping separation operations.1,2 The goal of this experiment is to distill a mixture of alcohols (methanol, isopropanol) and water in a sieve tray column and examine how closely simple theories of distillation based on equilibrium assumptions are followed. Sieve trays provide maximum...
07:41
Using a Tray Dryer to Investigate Convective and Conductive Heat Transfer
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2023
Source: Michael G. Benton and Kerry M. Dooley, Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA Dryers are utilized in numerous industrial processes. The function of a dryer is to use heat transfer processes to dry solids. A variety of dryer types exist. Adiabatic dryers use convection and direct contact with gases to dry solids, whereas non-adiabatic dryers use methods other than heated gas contact to dry1, including conduction, radiation, and radio frequency...
10:24
Floral-dip Transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana to Examine pTSO2::β-glucuronidase Reporter Gene Expression
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Cited by 21 •
2010
This article illustrates the floral-dip method of Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. By introducing a cell-cycle regulated promoter-reporter, pTSO2::β-glucuronidase (GUS), into Arabidopsis, we illustrates how one detects GUS reporter expression in transgenic seedlings.
08:49
Floral-Dip Transformation of Flax (Linum usitatissimum) to Generate Transgenic Progenies with a High Transformation Rate
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Cited by 37 •
2014
Here, we present a protocol to transform flax using Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation via floral-dip. This protocol is simple to perform and inexpensive, yet yields a higher transformation rate than the current available methods for flax transformation.
06:32
Plant Growth and Agrobacterium-mediated Floral-dip Transformation of the Extremophyte Schrenkiella parvula
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Cited by 10 •
2019
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using a floral-dip method can be successfully employed to create stable transgenic lines of the extremophyte model Schrenkiella parvula. We present a protocol modified from that for Arabidopsis thaliana, considering different growth habits and physiological characteristics of the extremophyte.
FAQs
The exposure window is a central control variable: changing the defined dipping time can change how long relevant tissues contact the solution and therefore influence uptake or surface colonization. The solution’s contents also determine the type of exposure, whether an inoculum, chemical treatment, or suspension is used. These variables help connect treatment delivery with later biological responses.
Reproducibility depends on giving samples comparable contact with the prepared solution. Immersing seedlings together in a tray can reduce variation in how treatment is delivered, making differences in infection, growth, or physiological response easier to attribute to the treatment rather than uneven exposure. This is especially useful when many samples must be screened under the same experimental conditions.
The biological outcome depends on what the prepared solution contains and how the contacted tissues respond. An inoculum may support studies of infection, while a chemical treatment may be evaluated through growth or physiological responses. A suspension can also be used when surface colonization or another form of contact is relevant, so the endpoint must match the treatment purpose.
A basic workflow involves preparing the intended inoculum, chemical treatment, or suspension, placing the seedlings or other small samples in contact with it, and maintaining immersion for a defined period. After exposure, researchers compare the selected biological responses, such as infection, growth, or physiological changes. Keeping the workflow consistent supports uniform treatment delivery across samples.
For comparative screening, researchers can expose multiple samples through the same prepared solution and defined timing, then evaluate their responses under standardized conditions. This arrangement helps reduce variation caused by unequal treatment delivery and makes patterns among samples easier to examine. The approach is therefore useful when experiments require a relatively simple setup with repeated exposure across a group.
In plant biology, the method is useful for inoculating seedlings, evaluating biological treatments, and comparing infection, growth, or physiological responses. Its value comes from combining controlled contact with a format that can accommodate many samples. Researchers can therefore use it for screening studies in which consistent exposure is important for interpreting differences between treatments or biological responses.