Gas Stoichiometry
Gas Stoichiometry - Related Videos
03:12
Chemical Stoichiometry and Gases: Using Ideal Gas Law to Determine Moles
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2020
Chemical stoichiometry describes the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. In addition to measuring quantities of reactants and products using masses for solids and volumes in conjunction with the molarity for solutions; now, the gas volumes can also be used to indicate quantities. If the volume, pressure, and temperature of a gas is known, then the ideal gas equation to calculate how many moles of the gas are present, can be used. Conversely, if the...
02:57
Reaction Stoichiometry
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2020
A balanced chemical equation provides a great deal of information in a very succinct format. Chemical formulas provide the identities of the reactants and products involved in the chemical change, allowing classification of the reaction. Coefficients provide the relative numbers of these chemical species, allowing a quantitative assessment of the relationships between the amounts of substances consumed and produced by the reaction. These quantitative relationships are known as the reaction’s...
03:40
Stoichiometry, Product Yield, and Limiting Reactants - Concepts
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2020
Chemical equations represent how a chemical reaction proceeds from reactants to products through physical or chemical change using chemical formulas. Stoichiometry is a term that describes the relative quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It is based on the Law of Conservation of Mass, which is a fundamental law that states that matter is neither created nor destroyed. Quite simply, the number and identity of reactant atoms must equal the number and identity of product...
16:03
Stoichiometry, Product Yield, and Limiting Reactants - Student Protocol
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2020
Source: Smaa Koraym at Johns Hopkins University, MD, USA Synthesis of tris(ethylenediamine)nickel chlorideExpand In this lab, you will combine nickel chloride hexahydrate and ethylenediamine in water to produce tris(ethylenediamine)nickel chloride. When nickel chloride hexahydrate dissolves in water, it rearranges to become the hexaaquanickel cation and two chloride anions. Adding ethylenediamine results in three ethylenediamine molecules exchanging with the six water molecules. This...
07:51
Gas Absorber
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2023
Source: Michael G. Benton and Kerry M. Dooley, Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA Gas absorbers are used to remove contaminants from gas streams. Multiple designs are used to accomplish this objective1. A packed bed column uses gas and liquid streams running counter to each other in a column packed with loose packing materials, such as ceramics, metals, and plastics, or structured packing1. The packed bed uses surface area created by the packing to...
FAQs
Temperature and pressure determine how a measured gas volume is converted into moles through the ideal gas law, PV = nRT. At fixed pressure, changing temperature changes the volume associated with a given amount of gas; at fixed temperature, changing pressure does the same. Including the experimental conditions helps prevent incorrect mole values and improves predictions of gas amounts.
A balanced equation supplies the coefficients used as mole ratios between gaseous reactants and products. After measured gas properties are converted to moles, these ratios determine how much of one substance can react or form relative to another. An unbalanced equation would give incorrect quantitative relationships and could lead to faulty predictions of amounts or reaction outcomes.
The limiting reactant sets the maximum amount of product that the reaction can produce because it is consumed first according to the balanced equation. Gas stoichiometry uses the available reactant amounts and the equation’s coefficients to identify this constraint. Once found, the limiting reactant determines the predicted gas quantity, even when other reactants remain.
Begin with the measured gas properties, such as volume, pressure, and temperature, and convert them to moles when necessary using PV = nRT. Next, apply the mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation to relate the known substance to the unknown. Finally, convert the resulting amount into the requested gas property, while retaining the relevant experimental conditions.
During gas collection, measured properties can be converted into an amount of gas and compared with the quantity predicted from a balanced reaction. This supports analysis of whether the observed gas amount matches the expected result. The same approach connects laboratory measurements with reaction calculations, making it useful for examining gas formation and experimental yield.
Combustion studies use the relationships in a balanced equation to connect reactant quantities with gaseous products and to anticipate the amounts produced. In reaction planning, these calculations help estimate required reactants and expected gas volumes or pressures. Comparing predicted and measured results can also provide information about reaction yield and the influence of experimental conditions.