Hemodynamic Principles
Hemodynamic Principles - Related Videos
08:37
Le Châtelier's Principle
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Dr. Lynne O'Connell — Boston College When the conditions of a system at equilibrium are altered, the system responds in such a way as to maintain the equilibrium. In 1888, Henri-Lewis Le Châtelier described this phenomenon in a principle that states, "When a change in temperature, pressure, or concentration disturbs a system in chemical equilibrium, the change will be counteracted by an alteration in the equilibrium composition." This experiment demonstrates Le Châtelier's...
04:08
The Uncertainty Principle
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2020
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He mathematically...
03:06
The Pauli Exclusion Principle
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2020
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information: The number of the principal quantum shell, n, The letter that designates the orbital type (the subshell, l), and A superscript number that designates the number of electrons in that particular subshell. For example, the notation 2p4 indicates four electrons in a p subshell (l = 1) with a principal...
08:09
A Novel Ex Ovo Banding Technique to Alter Intracardiac Hemodynamics in an Embryonic Chicken System
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Cited by 2 •
2016
For the first time we present here a reproducible banding procedure to alter hemodynamics in the developing heart ex ovo. This is achieved by partially constricting the outflow tract (OFT).
06:38
Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats
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Cited by 14 •
2016
Early stage hemodynamic dysfunction is critical to the development of kidney disease. Yet, detection methodologies are limited. Recent advances in sonography provide a noninvasive, accurate option for early detection of kidney injury. This study outlines a step-by-step, sonographic methodology for detecting kidney dysfunction using a drug-induced nephrotoxicity rat model.
FAQs
A pressure gradient provides the driving force, while resistance determines how much flow results from that driving force. In hemodynamic analysis, engineers therefore interpret pressure and flow together rather than treating either measurement in isolation. Changes in vessel radius, blood viscosity, or vessel length can alter resistance, so the same pressure difference may produce different flow conditions in different vascular segments.
Vessel radius is a particularly influential geometric variable because vascular resistance depends strongly on it. Even without changing blood viscosity or vessel length, altering vessel geometry can change resistance and consequently affect flow. This sensitivity makes radius important when engineers evaluate artificial vessels, cardiovascular devices, or models intended to predict how design changes may influence circulation and tissue perfusion.
In a compliant vessel, pressure changes can also change vessel volume, so pressure and flow patterns cannot always be interpreted as if vessel geometry were fixed. Hemodynamic models must account for this pressure-volume behavior when researchers analyze circulation or compare measurements. For engineering systems, vessel compliance is therefore a material and structural property that can influence predicted performance and observed flow patterns.
An engineering analysis can combine pressure, flow, and velocity measurements with information about vessel geometry and material properties. Radius and length help characterize resistance, while viscosity provides a fluid property relevant to that resistance. In compliant vessels, pressure-volume behavior adds another variable. Together, these inputs support interpretation of circulation and assessment of how geometry or materials affect system performance and tissue perfusion.
They are useful when designing or evaluating cardiovascular devices, artificial vessels, pumps, and flow-monitoring systems. The principles provide a way to connect device or vessel characteristics with pressure, velocity, and flow behavior. Engineers can use that connection to assess system performance and consider whether changes in geometry or material properties may alter circulation or tissue perfusion.
Circulatory models use hemodynamic principles to represent how pressure, resistance, vessel properties, and flow interact across the cardiovascular system. Researchers can compare model predictions with pressure or velocity measurements, then evaluate the effects of altered vessel geometry or material properties. This makes the framework relevant to engineering studies that seek to understand circulation and predict performance of cardiovascular systems or devices.