Percent Fines Analysis
Percent Fines Analysis - Related Videos
07:30
Determining the Mass Percent Composition in an Aqueous Solution
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Dr. Neal Abrams — SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Determining the composition of a solution is an important analytical and forensic technique. When solutions are made with water, they are referred to as being aqueous, or containing water. The primary component of a solution is referred to as the solvent, and the dissolved minor component is called the solute. The solute is dissolved in the solvent to make a solution. Water is the most common solvent in...
01:15
Fineness of Cement
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2024
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination. Direct...
01:19
Fineness Modulus
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2024
The fineness modulus (FM) of aggregate is a numerical index that measures the coarseness or fineness of the particles. It is calculated by adding the cumulative percentages of aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100. Consider performing sieve analysis on sand through a set of ASTM sieves. The weight of aggregate retained in each sieve and pan placed at the bottom is recorded, as given in Column B of Table 1. To determine the fineness modulus of...
02:48
Bond Polarity, Dipole Moment, and Percent Ionic Character
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2020
Bond Polarity The absolute value of the difference in electronegativity (ΔEN) of two bonded atoms provides a rough measure of the polarity to be expected in the bond and, thus, the bond type. When the difference is very small or zero, the bond is covalent and nonpolar. When it is large, the bond is polar covalent or ionic. The absolute values of the electronegativity differences between the atoms in the bonds H–H, H–Cl, and Na–Cl are 0 (nonpolar), 0.9 (polar covalent), and 2.1 (ionic),...
01:21
100-Percent-Reserve Banking
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2025
Imagine an economy without any banks; the entire money supply is held by the public in the form of physical currency. This means that the amount of money in the economy is equal to the total value of currency held by households and firms.Now, a commercial bank is introduced, and the public is assumed to deposit all their currency into the bank. If the bank does not issue any loans and instead holds all the deposited money in reserve, it is known as a 100-percent-reserve banking system. In this...
FAQs
The analysis separates material according to particle size, commonly by recording the mass that passes a specified sieve. This fraction represents the fine portion of the sample, including materials such as silt and clay. The result provides a quantitative basis for comparing soil or sediment texture and evaluating how particle-size composition may affect environmental behavior.
Sedimentation extends particle-size characterization to very small particles that may require finer discrimination than a sieve provides. By tracking how rapidly particles settle through a liquid, the method distinguishes particles according to their settling behavior. This additional information helps resolve the fine fraction more specifically, particularly when separating silt- and clay-sized material is important.
Percent fines helps indicate sediment texture and can inform interpretations of drainage and erosion potential. A fine-rich material may also have different contaminant-retention behavior than a coarser material. These relationships make the measurement useful for connecting particle-size composition with pollutant transport, sediment quality, and conditions that influence environmental management decisions.
Particle-size results provide context for predicting how contaminants may interact with soil or sediment. Fine material is relevant when assessing contaminant retention, while the measured texture also supports evaluation of pollutant transport. The analysis does not by itself identify a contaminant or its concentration, but it contributes a physical characterization needed to interpret contaminant behavior.
A typical workflow begins with characterizing a soil or sediment sample using a specified sieve and determining the mass of material that passes through it. When greater resolution is needed, sedimentation in a liquid tracks settling behavior to examine very small particles. The resulting measurements are then used to describe the sample’s fine-material proportion and particle-size composition.
Sieve measurement is appropriate when the main need is to quantify the fraction passing a specified size boundary. Sedimentation becomes useful when the fine portion requires further distinction among very small particles. Using one approach or adding the other depends on the level of particle-size detail needed for interpreting texture, drainage, erosion, or environmental behavior.
The results help characterize the physical condition of sediments by showing how much fine material they contain. That information can support evaluations of sediment quality and habitat conditions, where texture is an important descriptive property. It also provides a consistent basis for comparing locations or samples during environmental studies, site assessment, and management planning.
Particle-size findings help assess how soil or sediment may behave during remediation or other site-management activities. The fine fraction can inform interpretations of drainage, erosion potential, contaminant retention, and pollutant transport. Consequently, the analysis supports decisions about material characterization and environmental conditions, while remaining one part of a broader assessment rather than a complete quality evaluation.