Biochip Preparation
Biochip Preparation - Related Videos
11:19
Preparation and Testing of Impedance-based Fluidic Biochips with RTgill-W1 Cells for Rapid Evaluation of Drinking Water Samples for Toxicity
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Cited by 12 •
2016
This manuscript describes how to prepare fluidic biochips with Rainbow trout gill epithelial cells for use in a field portable electric cell-substrate impedance sensor. The protocol for running a rapid drinking water toxicity test with the sensor is also described.
08:03
Multi-analyte Biochip (MAB) Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes (ASSISE) for Physiological Research
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Cited by 3 •
2013
All-solid-state ion-selective electrodes (ASSISEs) constructed from a conductive polymer (CP) transducer provide several months of functional lifetime in liquid media. Here, we describe the fabrication and calibration process of ASSISEs in a lab-on-a-chip format. The ASSISE is demonstrated to have maintained a near-Nernstian slope profile after prolonged storage in complex biological media.
14:53
A Microfluidic-based Electrochemical Biochip for Label-free DNA Hybridization Analysis
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Cited by 4 •
2014
We present a microfluidic-based electrochemical biochip for DNA hybridization detection. Following ssDNA probe functionalization, the specificity, sensitivity, and detection limit are studied with complementary and non-complementary ssDNA targets. Results illustrate the influence of the DNA hybridization events on the electrochemical system, with a detection limit of 3.8 nM.
07:10
Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)
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Cited by 5 •
2019
This paper presents a protocol for detecting serum-specific immunoglobulin E with a microfluidic cartridge-based chemiluminescence system and the evaluation of its usefulness in allergy diagnoses.
03:00
Preparation of Epoxides
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2023
Overview Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization. Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...
FAQs
Cleaning removes conditions that could interfere with attachment or measurement, while functionalization modifies the engineered surface so biomolecules or cells can be immobilized. These preparation steps help establish a consistent interface between biological recognition elements and the chip. In environmental assays, a controlled surface supports more reliable interactions with targets in water or soil samples.
Immobilization keeps the biological recognition elements positioned on the chip so target interactions can occur at an engineered surface or within an integrated fluid-handling environment. When these elements are prepared consistently, the resulting interactions can produce a measurable signal with improved assay sensitivity and reproducibility. The choice between biomolecules and cells depends on the intended environmental analysis.
Integrated fluid-handling features guide samples and reagents across the prepared biological interface, linking the chip’s surface chemistry with its measurement function. Their inclusion helps reduce the quantities of sample and reagent needed for analysis while supporting contact between targets and recognition elements. This is particularly relevant when environmental monitoring must process limited or repeatedly collected samples.
Controlled samples provide a defined way to evaluate whether preparation has created a measurable response to target interactions. Testing after cleaning, functionalization, immobilization, and fluid-feature integration can reveal whether the chip performs consistently before environmental use. The results help assess assay sensitivity and reproducibility, which are important for interpreting changes in water or soil quality.
A typical workflow begins by cleaning and functionalizing the substrate, followed by immobilizing selected biomolecules or cells. Fluid-handling components are then integrated, and the completed chip is tested with controlled samples. This sequence connects surface preparation, biological recognition, sample movement, and signal measurement, providing a structured basis for detecting contaminants, pathogens, or environmental quality changes.
Prepared biochips can be applied when researchers need rapid analysis of contaminants, pathogens, or changes in water and soil quality. Their miniaturized format can reduce sample and reagent requirements, making repeated or resource-conscious monitoring more practical. Reliable preparation is essential because inconsistent surfaces, biological immobilization, or fluid handling could reduce the sensitivity and reproducibility of the monitoring assay.