Bacterial Fungal Co-localization
Bacterial Fungal Co-localization - Related Videos
04:14
Establishing a Fungal-Bacterial Co-culture for Biofilm Formation
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2026
Source: Miquel Guennoc, C., et al. New Method for Qualitative Multi-scale Analysis of Bacterial Biofilms on Filamentous Fungal Colonies Using Confocal and Electron Microscopy. J. Vis. Exp. (2017)This video demonstrates the preparation of a fungal culture on treated cellophane membranes to support colony formation and radial growth. It then shows the cultivation and preparation of soil bacterial cells for interaction assays. Finally, it illustrates how bacterial cells adhere to the fungal colony...
03:51
Establishing Bacterial–Fungal Cross-Kingdom Biofilms for Studying Oral Pathogenesis
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2026
Source: Schlafer, S, and Frost Kristensen, M. Monitoring Extracellular pH in Cross-Kingdom Biofilms using Confocal Microscopy. J. Vis. Exp. (2020)This video demonstrates the cultivation of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans cross-kingdom biofilms under oral-like conditions to model bacterial–fungal interactions, enabling the study of microbial synergy, glucan-mediated adhesion, and acidogenic virulence in oral pathogenesis.
07:31
Microbial and Fungal Diversity - Student Protocol
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2019
Examining Microbial Colony Structures ExpandTo begin, collect your allocated culture plates and then remove the Parafilm and lid from one of them. Place the uncovered plate under a dissecting microscope and then observe the individual communities within each quadrant of the plate. As the colonies are identified, fill out the observed colony properties in the appropriate column in the table. Click Here to download Table 1 Then, repeat the observations for each of the other two bacterial species.
05:06
Microbial and Fungal Diversity - Concepts
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2019
Bacteria and fungi are two highly diverse groups of organisms that can have significant beneficial or detrimental impacts on human health. For this reason, it is important to understand and distinguish between individual species of these groups. As you will recall, biological taxonomists group organisms based on their phylogenetic relatedness. The three domains of life, Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota segregate life into three distinct groupings. While all bacteria fall within the domain...
05:22
Investigating Bacterial-Fungal Interactions using Fungal Highway Columns in Diverse Environments and Substrates
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Cited by 3 •
2025
This protocol provides detailed instructions on how to construct, sterilize, assemble, utilize, and reuse the fungal highway columns to enrich bacterial-fungal pairs interacting through fungal highways from diverse environmental substrates.
FAQs
Spatial analysis compares the positions of bacterial and fungal signals rather than merely recording whether both organisms occur in the same sample. Measured overlap and physical proximity indicate whether cells occupy shared locations, while broader co-presence may reflect separate populations within one tissue, host environment, or microbial community. This distinction helps characterize the strength and nature of their association.
Separate fluorescent labels allow bacterial and fungal cells to be visualized as different signal populations in the same specimen. Microscopy can then compare their locations and determine where signals overlap or occur near one another. Without organism-specific labeling, shared images would be harder to interpret because the two microbial groups could not be spatially distinguished reliably.
Proximity measurements provide spatial context for interactions that may be missed by methods reporting only microbial presence. They can show whether bacteria and fungi occupy neighboring or overlapping regions in biofilms, tissues, or host environments. In immunology and infection studies, that context supports analysis of how mixed microbial organization may relate to host immune responses.
A typical workflow labels the bacterial and fungal populations with distinct fluorescent markers, images the mixed sample using microscopy, and applies image-based analysis to compare signal locations. Researchers then quantify overlap or physical proximity within the selected microbial community, tissue, or host environment. The resulting measurements provide a spatial description rather than a simple list of organisms present.
The approach is useful wherever bacteria and fungi occupy a shared biological setting, including mixed biofilms, infected tissues, and other host environments. By mapping both populations in the same specimen, researchers can examine whether they form closely associated regions or remain spatially separate. This helps characterize the organization of mixed communities at infected sites.
Co-localization measurements can identify whether bacterial and fungal populations occupy shared regions that may be relevant to treatment or infection control. They also provide a way to compare spatial organization across mixed communities or infected sites. In this context, the measurements help connect microbial arrangement with questions about managing infections that contain both bacterial and fungal populations.