Lymphatic Malformation
Lymphatic Malformation - Related Videos
07:36
Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
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Cited by 11 •
2015
The goal of this protocol is to isolate lymphatic endothelial cells lining human lymphatic malformation cyst-like vessels and foreskins using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Subsequent cell culturing and expansion of these cells permits a new level of experimental sophistication for genetic, proteomic, functional and cell differentiation studies.
07:25
Open Surgical Resection of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
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2025
Source: Rennert, R. C., et al. Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations. J. Vis. Exp. (2017).This video demonstrates the open surgical resection of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a human brain. The procedure involves creating a bone flap, accessing the subarachnoid space, identifying and occluding feeding arteries and draining veins, and carefully removing the AVM. Intraoperative angiography confirms complete resection,...
09:52
Non-invasive Optical Imaging of the Lymphatic Vasculature of a Mouse
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Cited by 25 •
2013
Recently developed imaging techniques using near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) may help elucidate the role the lymphatic system plays in cancer metastasis, immune response, wound repair, and other lymphatic-associated diseases.
08:08
Measurement of Cytosolic Ca2+ in Isolated Contractile Lymphatics
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Cited by 24 •
2011
We introduce an approach to evaluate the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in isolated lymphatics to study Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-sensitizing mechanisms of lymphatic smooth muscle contraction.
01:59
Cre-LoxP Mediated Induction of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations in a Mouse Model
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2025
In this video, a genetically modified mouse pup carrying the Ccm2 gene flanked by loxP sites and Cre recombinase fused to an estrogen receptor is used to induce cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). The administration of 4-hydroxytamoxifen activates Cre in endothelial cells, leading to the deletion of Ccm2 and the formation of CCMs in the brain.
FAQs
Changes in size often reflect events that alter fluid within the lesion. Infection, bleeding, or increased lymph flow can cause the abnormal spaces to enlarge, while their poor connections limit orderly drainage. This mechanism helps explain episodic growth and makes a change in size clinically important, particularly when it begins to affect breathing, swallowing, or other functions.
Location matters because a lesion may lie near structures needed for breathing, swallowing, or other functions. A malformation in a functionally important region can therefore require closer assessment than one producing no significant effects. Clinicians consider anatomic extent and relationships to nearby structures when judging urgency and selecting management.
Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging help map the lesion beyond what can be inferred from its external appearance. They can show how extensive it is and how it relates to nearby structures. That information supports treatment planning, especially when the malformation occupies a region where growth could interfere with breathing, swallowing, or other functions.
Before treatment is chosen, clinicians combine clinical evaluation with imaging. The assessment considers symptoms, growth, and functional effects, while ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging helps define extent and relationships to nearby structures. This combined process supports a management plan matched to the lesion’s medical impact and location.
Treatment selection is individualized rather than determined by the lesion’s presence alone. Symptoms, location, growth, and effects on breathing, swallowing, or function all influence the plan. Depending on these factors, clinicians may choose observation, sclerotherapy, surgical removal, or a combination, with management directed toward the lesion’s clinical impact.
Sclerotherapy may be used as an alternative to surgical removal or as part of a combined treatment plan. Its place in care is determined by the lesion’s symptoms, location, growth, and effects on breathing, swallowing, or function. It is therefore one option within individualized management rather than a universal treatment for every lesion.