collection-isolation-flow-cytometric-analysis-human-endocervical

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Despite the public health importance of mucosal pathogens (including HIV), relatively little is known about mucosal immunity, particularly at the female ...

University of Manitoba

To investigate the nature of the amino acid motifs found in penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2x of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates across the province of Quebec (Canada), and to obtain preliminary information regarding the prevalence of these alterations.

Genetic analysis of pbp2x in clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Quebec, Canada.

To investigate the nature of the amino acid motifs found in penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2b and PBP1a of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates across Quebec (Canada), and to obtain preliminary information regarding the prevalence of these alterations.

Molecular characteristics of pbp1a and pbp2b in clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Quebec, Canada.

Dendritic cell-specific intracellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) and DC-SIGNR are C-type lectins that serve both as cell adhesion and pathogen recognition receptors. Because of the essential role of the these molecules in the immune response, the implication of their alleles in human disease states, and the possible genetic variation at these loci among ethnically diverse populations, we undertook a study to analyze the full extent of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR polymorphisms in Caucasian Canadian and indigenous African populations. We report several novel nucleotide variants within regulatory 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of the genes that could affect their transcription and translation. There were significant differences in the distribution of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR alleles among African and non-African populations. Finally, our study clearly demonstrates that Africans show greater genetic diversity at these two closely-related immune loci than observed in other major population groups. The differences may reflect evolutionary pressures generated by environmental factors, such as prevalent pathogens in these geographically distinct regions. Further studies will be needed to determine the net impact of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR genetic variants on the expression, translation, and function of the proteins and to understand how these functional polymorphisms may affect immune responses or immune escape.

DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR genetic diversity among different ethnic populations: potential implications for pathogen recognition and disease susceptibility.

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the main cause of HIV-1 infection in children worldwide. Given that the C-type lectin receptor, dendritic cell-specific ICAM-grabbing non-integrin-related (DC-SIGNR, also known as CD209L or liver/lymph node-specific ICAM-grabbing non-integrin (L-SIGN)), can interact with pathogens including HIV-1 and is expressed at the maternal-fetal interface, we hypothesized that it could influence MTCT of HIV-1.

Functional genetic variants in DC-SIGNR are associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the main cause of HIV-1 infection in children worldwide. Dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing-nonintegrin (DC-SIGN, also known as CD209) is an HIV-1 receptor that enhances its transmission to T cells and is expressed on placental macrophages.

Article	Year
Genetic analysis of pbp2x in clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Quebec, Canada. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy\| PubMed ID: 15872046	2005
Molecular characteristics of pbp1a and pbp2b in clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Quebec, Canada. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy\| PubMed ID: 16282207	2006
DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR genetic diversity among different ethnic populations: potential implications for pathogen recognition and disease susceptibility. Human immunology\| PubMed ID: 17509452	2007
Functional genetic variants in DC-SIGNR are associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. PloS one\| PubMed ID: 19809496	2009
Naturally-occurring genetic variants in human DC-SIGN increase HIV-1 capture, cell-transfer and risk of mother-to-child transmission. PloS one\| PubMed ID: 22808239	2012

Genevieve Boily-Larouche

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