isolation-endothelial-progenitor-cells-from-human-umbilical-cord

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

The existence of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in peripheral blood and its involvement in vasculogenesis was first reported by Ashara and ...

University of Arkansas

Valve interstitial cells are dispersed throughout the heart valve and play an important role in maintaining its integrity, function, and phenotype. While prior studies have detailed the role of external mechanical and biological factors in the function of the interstitial cell, the role of cell shape in regulating contractile function, in the context of normal and diseased phenotypes, is not well understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to elucidate the link between cell shape, phenotype, and acute functional contractile output. Valve interstitial cell monolayers with defined cellular shapes were engineered via constraining cells to micropatterned protein lines (10, 20, 40, 60 or 80µm wide). Samples were cultured in either normal or osteogenic medium. Cellular shape and architecture were quantified via fluorescent imaging techniques. Cellular contractility was quantified using a valve thin film assay and phenotype analyzed via western blotting, zymography, and qRT-PCR. In all pattern widths, cells were highly aligned, with maximum cell and nuclear elongation occurring for the 10μm pattern width. Cellular contractility was highest for the most elongated cells, but was also increased in cells on the widest pattern (80μm) that also had increased CX43 expression, suggesting a role for both elongated shape and increased cell-cell contact in regulating contractility. Cells cultured in osteogenic medium had greater expression of smooth muscle markers and correspondingly increased contractile stress responses. Cell phenotype did not significantly correlate with altered cell shape, suggesting that cellular shape plays a significant role in the regulation of valve contractile function independent of phenotype.

Valve interstitial cell shape modulates cell contractility independent of cell phenotype.

Biphasic materials, comprised of an ordered arrangement of two different material phases within a material, have the potential for a wide variety of applications including filtration, protective clothing and tissue engineering. This study reports for the first time, a process for engineering biphasic Janus-type polymeric nanofiber (BJPNF) networks via the centrifugal jet spinning technique. BJPNF alignment and fiber diameter was dependent on fabrication rotational speed as well as solution composition. The biphasic character of these BJPNFs, which was controlled via the rotational speed of fabrication, was confirmed at the individual nanofiber scale using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and at the bulk, macro-scale using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Biphasic character was also demonstrated at the functional level via differing affinities on either side of the BJPNF for cell attachment. Our work thus presents a method for fabricating BJPNF scaffold networks where there might be a need for different properties on either side of a material. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2016.

Article	Year
Valve interstitial cell shape modulates cell contractility independent of cell phenotype. Journal of biomechanics\| PubMed ID: 27567567	2016
Engineering anisotropic biphasic Janus-type polymer nanofiber scaffold networks via centrifugal jet spinning. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials\| PubMed ID: 27652573	2016

Prashanth Ravishankar

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