methodology-for-sputum-induction-and-laboratory-processing

Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing

The technique of sputum induction and processing is a recognized non-invasive method allowing the collection and analysis of cells from the airways, which ...

University of Liege

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disorder of unknown origin, which ultimately leads to death. Several growth factors such as IGFs (insulin-like-growth factor) and IGFBPs (insulin like growth factor binding proteins) seem to take part to the pathogenesis. We evaluated IGFs and IGFBPs in serum from patients with IPF and healthy subjects including 24 untreated IPF and 26 IPF receiving anti-fibrotic therapy and to compare them with healthy subjects.

Raised serum levels of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal lung disease of unknown origin whose incidence has been increasing over the latest decade partly as a consequence of population ageing. New anti-fibrotic therapy including pirfenidone and nintedanib have now proven efficacy in slowing down the disease. Nevertheless, diagnosis and follow-up of IPF remain challenging.

Blood Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway disease characterized by a profound airway remodelling that leads to airway obstruction. A role for transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been proposed in airway remodelling of COPD. Regarding the TGF-β1 production at local level, the results seemed to be controversial. In this study, an original model of sputum cell culture thought to maintain important cells interactions, was used. We investigated the production of TGF-β1 from sputum cell culture in 33 COPD encompassing the whole severity spectrum and compared the results with those found in 39 healthy controls. Sputum was induced by inhalation of saline, the cellular fraction cultured for 24 h and the spontaneous production of total TGF-β1 was assessed by ELISA. Using, a TGF-β1 reporter cell assay, we also compared the levels of active and total TGF-β1 in the sputum cell culture supernatants of COPD and controls. Moreover, as a combination of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and TGF-β1 have been shown to have a cumulative impact on the severity of airflow limitation in COPD, the TNF-α release was also measured in a representative subgroup of patients. Our results indicated that the use of sputum cell culture was a reliable and reproducible method to assess TGF-β1 production at airway level. Sputum cells from COPD produced greater amount of total TGF-β1 than those of healthy controls (p<0.001). This result was confirmed using the cell reporter assay which also showed a higher level of active TGF-β1 in the COPD group compared to controls. In addition, total TGF-β1 production was increased according to GOLD stage and was inversely related to FEV1/FVC ratio (p<0.05). By contrast, the production of this growth factor was not correlated with the functional markers of emphysema nor with demographic characteristics such as age, BMI or smoking status. Interestingly, the production of total TGF-β1 was inversely related to that of TNF-α (r=-0.53, p<0.05) which was decreased in COPD. In summary, COPD patients displayed a raised production of total and active TGF-β1 from their airway cells. Total TGF-β1 correlates with the severity of airway obstruction without evidence of a link with emphysema. .

Article	Year
Raised serum levels of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BMC pulmonary medicine\| PubMed ID: 27215343	2016
Blood Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Lung\| PubMed ID: 28353114	2017
Increased production of TGF-β1 from sputum cells of COPD: Relationship with airway obstruction. Cytokine\| PubMed ID: 28668545	2017

Julien Guiot

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