induction-atherosclerotic-plaques-through-activation

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

Atherosclerosis is due to a chronic inflammatory response affecting vascular endothelium and is promoted by several factors such as hypertension, ...

IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy

Physical training improves endothelial function and exercise capacity in patients with heart failure (HF). Serum from patients with cardiovascular diseases increases apoptosis of human endothelial cells suggesting the importance of humoral factors in the progression of the disease. We evaluated whether exercise training influences the apoptotic capacity of serum from patients with chronic HF (CHF).

Exercise training reduces serum capacity to induce endothelial cell death in patients with chronic heart failure.

The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) was first identified as a blood pressure regulator, modulating renal sodium handling in response to its principal ligand aldosterone. The mineralocorticoid receptor is also expressed in many tissues other than the kidney, such as adipose tissue, heart and vasculature. Recent studies have shown that MR plays a relevant role in the control of cardiovascular and metabolic function, as well as in adipogenesis. Dysregulation of aldosterone/MR signaling represents an important cause of disease as high plasma levels of aldosterone are associated with hypertension, obesity and increased cardiovascular risk. Aldosterone displays powerful vascular effects and acts as a potent pro-fibrotic agent in cardiovascular remodeling. Mineralocorticoid receptor activation regulates genes involved in vascular and cardiac fibrosis, calcification and inflammation. This review focuses on the role of novel potential biomarkers related to aldosterone/MR system that could help identify cardiovascular and metabolic detrimental conditions, as a result of altered MR activation. Specifically, we discuss: (1) how MR signaling regulates the number and function of different subpopulations of circulating and intra-tissue immune cells; (2) the role of aldosterone/MR system in mediating cardiometabolic diseases induced by obesity; and (3) the role of several MR downstream molecules as novel potential biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases, end-organ damage and rehabilitation outcome.

Article	Year
Exercise training reduces serum capacity to induce endothelial cell death in patients with chronic heart failure. European journal of heart failure\| PubMed ID: 21613428	2011
Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Aldosterone-Related Biomarkers of End-Organ Damage in Cardiometabolic Disease. Biomolecules\| PubMed ID: 30231508	2018

Caterina Mammi

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