expansion-two-dimension-electrospun-nanofiber-mats-into-three

Expansion of Two-dimension Electrospun Nanofiber Mats into Three-dimension Scaffolds

Electrospinning has been the preferred technology in producing a synthetic, functional scaffold due to the biomimicry to extracellular matrix and the ease ...

University of Nebraska Medical Center

Traditional electrospun nanofiber membranes were incapable of promoting cellular infiltration due to its intrinsic property (e.g., dense structure and small pore size) limiting their use in tissue regeneration. Herein, we report a simple and novel approach for expanding traditional nanofiber membranes from two-dimensional to three-dimensional (3D) with controlled thickness and porosity via depressurization of subcritical CO fluid. The expanded 3D nanofiber scaffolds formed layered structures and simultaneously maintained the aligned nanotopographic cues. The 3D scaffolds also retained the fluorescent intensity of encapsulated coumarin 6 and the antibacterial activity of encapsulated antimicrobial peptide LL-37. In addition, the expanded 3D nanofiber scaffolds with arrayed holes can significantly promote cellular infiltration and neotissue formation after subcutaneous implantation compared to traditional nanofiber membranes. Such scaffolds also significantly increased the blood vessel formation and the ratio of M2/M1 macrophages after subcutaneous implantation for 2 and 4 weeks compared to traditional nanofiber membranes. Together, the presented method holds great potential in the fabrication of functional 3D nanofiber scaffolds for various applications including engineering 3D in vitro tissue models, antimicrobial wound dressing, and repairing/regenerating tissues in vivo.

CO-expanded nanofiber scaffolds maintain activity of encapsulated bioactive materials and promote cellular infiltration and positive host response.

Electrospinning provides an enabling nanotechnology platform for generating a rich variety of novel structured materials in many biomedical applications including drug delivery, biosensing, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. In this review article, we begin with a thorough discussion on the method of producing 1D, 2D, and 3D electrospun nanofiber materials. In particular, we emphasize on how the 3D printing technology can contribute to the improvement of traditional electrospinning technology for the fabrication of 3D electrospun nanofiber materials as drug delivery devices/implants, scaffolds or living tissue constructs. We then highlight several notable examples of electrospun nanofiber materials in specific biomedical applications including cancer therapy, guiding cellular responses, engineering in vitro 3D tissue models, and tissue regeneration. Finally, we finish with conclusions and future perspectives of electrospun nanofiber materials for drug delivery and regenerative medicine.

Electrospinning: An enabling nanotechnology platform for drug delivery and regenerative medicine.

Uncontrolled hemorrhage, which typically involves the torso and/or limb junctional zones, remains a great challenge in the prehospital setting. Here, we for the first time report an injectable and superelastic nanofiber rectangle matrix ("peanut") fabricated by a combination of electrospinning, gas foaming, hydrogel coating and crosslinking techniques. The compressed nanofiber peanut is capable of re-expanding to its original shape in atmosphere, water and blood within 10 s. Such nanofiber peanuts exhibit greater capacity of water/blood absorption compared to current commercial products and high efficacy in whole blood clotting assay, in particular for thrombin-immobilized samples. These nanofiber peanuts are capable of being packed into a syringe for injection. Further in vivo tests indicated the effectiveness of nanofiber peanuts for hemostasis in a porcine liver injury model. This new class of nanofiber-based materials may hold great promise for hemostatic applications.

Article	Year
CO-expanded nanofiber scaffolds maintain activity of encapsulated bioactive materials and promote cellular infiltration and positive host response. Acta biomaterialia\| PubMed ID: 29269334	2018
Electrospinning: An enabling nanotechnology platform for drug delivery and regenerative medicine. Advanced drug delivery reviews\| PubMed ID: 29729295	2018
Fabrication of injectable and superelastic nanofiber rectangle matrices ("peanuts") and their potential applications in hemostasis. Biomaterials\| PubMed ID: 29980074	2018

Shixuan Chen

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