merkel-cell-polyomavirus-infection-and-detection

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection can lead to Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a highly aggressive form of skin cancer. Mechanistic studies to fully ...

University of Pennsylvania

Correction for Liu et al., "Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection of Animal Dermal Fibroblasts".

Viral infection is a major contributor to the global cancer burden. Recent advances have revealed that seven known oncogenic viruses promote tumorigenesis through shared host cell targets and pathways. A comprehensive understanding of the principles of viral oncogenesis may enable the identification of unknown infectious aetiologies of cancer and the development of therapeutic or preventive strategies for virus-associated cancers. In this Review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of viral oncogenesis in humans. We highlight recent advances in understanding how viral manipulation of host cellular signalling, DNA damage responses, immunity and microRNA targets promotes the initiation and development of cancer.

Molecular mechanisms of viral oncogenesis in humans.

Virus infection contributes to nearly 15% of human cancers worldwide. Many of the oncogenic viruses tend to cause cancer in immunosuppressed individuals, but maintain asymptomatic, persistent infection for decades in the general population. In this review, we discuss the tactics employed by two small DNA tumor viruses, Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), to establish persistent infection. We will also highlight recent key findings as well as outstanding questions regarding the mechanisms by which HPV and MCPyV evade host immune control to promote their survival. Since persistent infection enables virus-induced tumorigenesis, identifying the mechanisms by which small DNA tumor viruses achieve latent infection may inform new approaches for preventing and treating their respective human cancers.

Article	Year
Correction for Liu et al., "Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection of Animal Dermal Fibroblasts". Journal of virology\| PubMed ID: 29760283	2018
Molecular mechanisms of viral oncogenesis in humans. Nature reviews. Microbiology\| PubMed ID: 30143749	2018
Mechanisms of persistence by small DNA tumor viruses. Current opinion in virology\| PubMed ID: 30278284	2018

Nathan A. Krump

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