isolation-adult-human-dermal-fibroblasts-from-abdominal-skin

Isolation of Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts from Abdominal Skin and Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Non-Integrating Method

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could be considered, to date, a promising source of pluripotent cells for the management of currently untreatable ...

decellularization-for-preparation-highly-preserved-human-acellular

Decellularization for the Preparation of Highly Preserved Human Acellular Skin Matrix for Regenerative Medicine

Extracellular matrix (ECM) provides biophysical and biochemical stimuli to support self-renewal, proliferation, survival, and differentiation of ...

University of Naples Federico II

University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy

An infant with typical popliteal pterygium syndrome had intraoral fibrous bands binding the maxillary and mandibular alveolar ridges. This resulted in dramatically restricted mouth opening. These bands were divided surgically with endoscopic assistance.

Endoscopic release of intraoral synechiae in popliteal pterygium syndrome.

Congenital cleft earlobe is a rare auricular malformation. Various techniques have been reported for the correction of this deformity. Few papers deal with surgical techniques to correct the triple lobe sub-type cleft. This anomaly presents more technical difficulties in the three-dimensional rearrangement than other sub-types. We describe the technique used to correct a triple lobe deformity in a 5-year-old boy. The postoperative result was satisfactory at one year follow-up.

Correction of congenital 'triple lobe type' auricular cleft.

Digital nerve injuries are common; injuries of the common digital nerves are less frequent than those involving the proper digital nerves. Traditional techniques used to reconstruct peripheral nerves are: direct suture, autologous nerve grafts, autologous vein grafts, vascularised nerve graft and alloplastic nerve grafts. Autologous nerve grafts remain the most common conduits for segmental defects. Difficulties can arise when attempting to repair complex nerve gaps, particularly when joining the proximal stump of the common digital nerve with two distal stumps of proper digital nerves as in lesions involving the web space. We present below a case of such a lesion. We describe the use of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LABCN) as donor nerve, by exploiting its natural branchings.

Digital nerve reconstruction by multiple Y-shaped nerve grafts at the metacarpophalangeal joint level.

Choosing the correct sense of rotation in 180 degrees propeller flaps.

Despite the volume of studies written after the initial report by Hildebrand (1895) on Warthin's tumour (WT), its aetiopathogenesis continues to be an unresolved and controversial question. Many different genetic and/or environmental aetiological factors seem to act on heterotopic ductal inclusions and may give rise to WT following an unknown tumorigenic event. Recent studies discussed the importance of immunological reactions during the formation of the tumour. A hypersensitive/allergic reaction may play a role in epithelial proliferation and may stimulate the reactivity of the germinal centres in the lymphoid stroma as showed at histological examination. The aim of this study was to inform readers of the current understanding of possible risk factors with a suggested aetiological role in Warthin's tumorigenesis. From 2001 to 2011, a total of 342 patients with benign salivary neoplasm were admitted in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the University of Naples "Federico II". A histological diagnosis of WT was made in 115 of the patients (33.6%); these were retrospectively investigated in our study. Correlation between the onset of WT and positivity for autoimmune diseases and smoking habits was calculated. The incidence rate of autoimmune thyroiditis in our series (9.5%) was significantly greater than that of the general population (0.58%) (p < 0.001). Analysis of our series and review of the literature support the hypothesis that this tumour is the result of an autoimmune reaction. Further studies and larger series are required to confirm this hypothesis and investigate the role of other aetiological factors in WT genesis. 

Warthin's tumour: Aetiopathogenesis dilemma, ten years of our experience.

Breast hypertrophy is often associated with functional limitations. Beyond the aesthetic concerns, breast reduction can improve symptoms and self-esteem. In different countries, health-care system regulations have fixed the threshold for reimbursement in 500 g of predicted tissue resection for each breast. Different preoperative measurements have been proposed to predict breast-tissue weight to be removed, showing a variable correlation with post-operative evaluation. We describe a reliable, simple measurement to predict the quantity of breast reduction in grams, which can be applicable to any surgical technique. A total of 128 patients undergoing bilateral breast reduction were evaluated. The correlation between the preoperative nipple-areola complex (NAC) lift distance and the weight of removed breast tissue was tested with linear regression and Pearson's test. Other anthropometric measurements were tested as a control. The ratio between resected grams and lift distance was explored to find a multiplication coefficient to be used at preoperative planning. The mean resection weight was 686.65 g. The mean NAC-lift distance was 7.6 cm. Positive correlation between the NAC-lift distance and the weight of breast tissue removed was found (r: 0.87; p < 0.001). The mean weight of the removed breast tissue (g) per centimetre of NAC lift was 81 g/cm in the group between 6 and 12 cm and 70 g/cm in the group with >12 cm of lift distance. The NAC-lift distance is a single, objective, repeatable measure that can provide a reliable prediction of breast-tissue grams to be removed; it helps in classifying breast-reduction indications.

Correlation between nipple elevation and breast resection weight: How to preoperatively plan breast reduction.

Lipofilling technique is significantly increasing and the need of a non-invasive method to assess the success of the procedure is becoming mandatory. In particular, US can be considered an alternative method to MRI for evaluation of tissue lipofilling due to the simplicity and easy access of the technique and can be also used for monitoring the efficacy of the surgical procedure. The goal of this study was to demonstrate, the utility of the high-resolution ultrasound technique in the evaluation of autologous adipose tissue lipofilling, used for the correction of post-surgical, post-traumatic and post-burn scars.

The utility of the high-resolution ultrasound technique in the evaluation of autologous adipose tissue lipofilling, used for the correction of post-surgical, post-traumatic and post-burn scars.

Vascular malformations are relatively infrequent among benign lesions of the hand. We report the case of an arteriovenous malformation in a 48-year-old white woman presenting a mass in her left hand without any symptoms. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology and the lesion completely removed by surgery. 

Thrombosed vascular malformation within the flexor tendon sheath of the index finger in the palm.

Oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (Scc) occur most commonly in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Free flaps are commonly used for reconstruction of extensive tumor resection defects in the oral cavity. Age alone is not an independent variable for increased risk in microvascular reconstruction; however operative time and ASA risk score correlated with medical complications but not with surgical complications. The submental island flap has proven to be a reliable alternative in reconstruction of composite oral cavity defects for its thinness, pliability and versatility in design, shared by the radial forearm free flap, and its advantageous donor site. The submental flap can be easily raised and involves shorter operative time and hospital stay compared to the free-flap procedure. It can be an excellent choice in patients with a high ASA risk score, moreover in elderly patients, where the potential complications linked to microsurgical procedures are avoided. 

Submental flap as an alternative to microsurgical flap in intraoral post-oncological reconstruction in the elderly.

Nasal tip reconstruction can be very challenging. It requires close attention to skin texture, colour and thickness matching, with the respect of the nasal aesthetic units and symmetry. Flaps are usually preferred to skin grafts where possible. Based on different donor areas, various flaps have been described for reconstruction of this region. Here we present a new V-Y myocutaneous island flap based on the levator alae nasi muscle (LAN muscle) blood supply. This flap may represent an alternative to the nasalis myocutaneous sliding V-Y flap previously described by Rybka. As its pivot point it is located more cranially than the nasalis flap, and it can advance more medially than the Rybka flap, with the possibility of covering larger defects of the nasal tip area, up to 1.8 cm in diameter. Over the past 5 years, 24 patients received nasal tip reconstruction with this flap following the resection of basal cell carcinomas. Good tip projection was maintained, and the aesthetic outcome was satisfactory, with well healed scars. We recommend this technique as an alternative to other flaps for nasal tip defects, especially if paramedian.

Levator alae nasi muscle V-Y island flap for nasal tip reconstruction.

The recent scandal of poly implant prostheses (PIP), which were found in some cases to be made of non-medical grade silicone (as reported by the European Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks), had a great social impact. Thousands of patients asked for implant removal with significant costs for public health care systems. We analysed, by a multidisciplinary approach, sixteen different breast implants after explantation by using several analytical and structural techniques, such as Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), mass spectrometry equipped by ion coupled plasma (ICP-MS), gas-chromatography (GC-MS), and tensile testing. Traces of organic (fatty acid) and inorganic (Fe, Cr, Pt, Na, and other metals) substances were found in all samples, and, even if these values are under danger threshold levels, our study results highlight the possibility of bioaccumulation and tissue contamination, implying the need for continuous medical surveillance and monitoring of material aging.

Chemical and Structural Characterization of Several Mid-Term Explanted Breast Prostheses.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are adult somatic cells genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state. Notwithstanding their autologous origin and their potential to differentiate towards cells of all three germ layers, iPSC reprogramming is still affected by low efficiency. As dermal fibroblast is the most used human cell for reprogramming, we hypothesize that the variability in reprogramming is, at least partially, because of the skin fibroblasts used. Human dermal fibroblasts harvested from five different anatomical sites (neck, breast, arm, abdomen and thigh) were cultured and their morphology, proliferation, apoptotic rate, ability to migrate, expression of mesenchymal or epithelial markers, differentiation potential and production of growth factors were evaluated in vitro. Additionally, gene expression analysis was performed by real-time PCR including genes typically expressed by mesenchymal cells. Finally, fibroblasts isolated from different anatomic sites were reprogrammed to iPSCs by integration-free method. Intriguingly, while the morphology of fibroblasts derived from different anatomic sites differed only slightly, other features, known to affect cell reprogramming, varied greatly and in accordance with anatomic site of origin. Accordingly, difference also emerged in fibroblasts readiness to respond to reprogramming and ability to form colonies. Therefore, as fibroblasts derived from different anatomic sites preserve positional memory, it is of great importance to accurately evaluate and select dermal fibroblast population prior to induce reprogramming.

ArticleTotal : 2	Year
Publication title Cited by 13	2020
Publication title Cited by 6	2021

Article	Year
Endoscopic release of intraoral synechiae in popliteal pterygium syndrome. Annals of plastic surgery\| PubMed ID: 12439026	2002
Correction of congenital 'triple lobe type' auricular cleft. British journal of plastic surgery\| PubMed ID: 15544781	2004
Digital nerve reconstruction by multiple Y-shaped nerve grafts at the metacarpophalangeal joint level. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS\| PubMed ID: 18703388	2008
Choosing the correct sense of rotation in 180 degrees propeller flaps. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS\| PubMed ID: 18838355	2008
Warthin's tumour: Aetiopathogenesis dilemma, ten years of our experience. Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery\| PubMed ID: 25814196	2015
Correlation between nipple elevation and breast resection weight: How to preoperatively plan breast reduction. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS\| PubMed ID: 25997557	2015
The utility of the high-resolution ultrasound technique in the evaluation of autologous adipose tissue lipofilling, used for the correction of post-surgical, post-traumatic and post-burn sca... La Radiologia medica\| PubMed ID: 26847049	2016
Thrombosed vascular malformation within the flexor tendon sheath of the index finger in the palm. Case reports in plastic surgery & hand surgery\| PubMed ID: 27252973	2015
Submental flap as an alternative to microsurgical flap in intraoral post-oncological reconstruction in the elderly. International journal of surgery (London, England)\| PubMed ID: 27255573	2016
Levator alae nasi muscle V-Y island flap for nasal tip reconstruction. Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery\| PubMed ID: 28108241	2017
Chemical and Structural Characterization of Several Mid-Term Explanted Breast Prostheses. Materials (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 28773799	2016
Diversity of dermal fibroblasts as major determinant of variability in cell reprogramming. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine\| PubMed ID: 30980516	2019
Red nodule of the nipple. Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia\| PubMed ID: 31210465	2019

Fabrizio Schonauer

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