optogenetic-activation-afferent-pathways-brain-slices-modulation

Optogenetic Activation of Afferent Pathways in Brain Slices and Modulation of Responses by Volatile Anesthetics

Anesthetics influence consciousness in part via their actions on thalamocortical circuits. However, the extent to which volatile anesthetics affect ...

University of Wisconsin

Individus avec la maladie de Parkinson (MP) est souvent une d&eacute;ficience importante du contr&ocirc;le de l&#39;Hirondelle et sont g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement pas conscients de la pr&eacute;sence ou la gravit&eacute; de leurs d&eacute;ficiences, ce qui sugg&egrave;re que ces personnes peuvent aussi &eacute;prouver des d&eacute;ficits sensoriels des voies respiratoires. Toutefois, le degr&eacute; auquel fonction alt&eacute;r&eacute;e Hirondelle dans PD peut-&ecirc;tre porter sur les d&eacute;ficits sensoriels des voies a&eacute;riennes doit encore &ecirc;tre officiellement mis &agrave; l&#39;essai.

Des voies somatosensorielles d&eacute;ficits et dysphagie dans la maladie de Parkinson.

Gli individui con malattia di Parkinson (MdP) spesso esperienza notevole compromissione del controllo di rondine e non conoscono in genere la presenza o la gravit&agrave; delle loro menomazioni suggerendo che questi individui possono anche sperimentare deficit sensitivi delle vie aeree. Tuttavia, il grado a cui rondine alterata funzione nel PD possa riguardare deficit sensitivi delle vie aeree ha ancora essere formalmente testato.

Deficit somatosensoriali delle vie aeree e disfagia nel morbo di Parkinson.

Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) often experience substantial impairment of swallow control, and are typically unaware of the presence or severity of their impairments suggesting that these individuals may also experience airway sensory deficits. However, the degree to which impaired swallow function in PD may relate to airway sensory deficits has yet to be formally tested.

Airway Somatosensory Deficits and Dysphagia in Parkinson's Disease.

Spatio-temporal cortical activity patterns relative to both peripheral input and local network activity carry information about stimulus identity and context. GABAergic interneurons are reported to regulate spiking at millisecond precision in response to sensory stimulation and during gamma oscillations; their role in regulating spike timing during induced network bursts is unclear. We investigated this issue in murine auditory thalamo-cortical (TC) brain slices, in which TC afferents induced network bursts similar to previous reports in vivo. Spike timing relative to TC afferent stimulation during bursts was poor in pyramidal cells and SOM+ interneurons. It was more precise in PV+ interneurons, consistent with their reported contribution to spiking precision in pyramidal cells. Optogenetic suppression of PV+ cells unexpectedly improved afferent-locked spike timing in pyramidal cells. In contrast, our evidence suggests that PV+ cells do regulate the spatio-temporal spike pattern of pyramidal cells during network bursts, whose organization is suited to ensemble coding of stimulus information. Simulations showed that suppressing PV+ cells reduces the capacity of pyramidal cell networks to produce discriminable spike patterns. By dissociating temporal precision with respect to a stimulus versus internal cortical activity, we identified a novel role for GABAergic cells in regulating information processing in cortical networks.

Article	Year
Airway Somatosensory Deficits and Dysphagia in Parkinson's Disease. Journal of Parkinson's disease\| PubMed ID: 23555331	2013
PV+ Cells Enhance Temporal Population Codes but not Stimulus-Related Timing in Auditory Cortex. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)\| PubMed ID: 29300837	2019

Caitlin A. Murphy

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