immunofluorescence-imaging-dna-damage-repair-foci-human-colon-cancer

Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells

The purpose of the manuscript is to provide a step-by-step protocol for performing immunofluorescence microscopy to study the radiation-induced DNA damage ...

National Centre for Nuclear Research, Sołtana 7, 05-400 Otwock, Poland

Specific 3D conditions of cancer cell lines have been optimized over last years, with growing significance of serum-free and xeno-free culture variants. The choice of proper culture media enables cancer stem cells proliferation in primary and stable cell lines. To obtain renal cell cancer stem-like phenotype, we employed media dedicated for mesenchymal cells and adult stem cells. Developed RCC cell line 3D culture system enables effective drug testing, including tyrosine kinase inhibitor anti-cancer cell toxicity. To induce formation of 3D spheroids by RCC cell lines, StemXvivo and NutriStem media must be used. Usage of laminin- or poly-D-lysine coated plates enhances also the formation of spheroids in 3D-promoting media. Seeding is optimal with Caki-1 or ACHN cell lines as well as 786-O or HKCSC cells. Our bio-mimic 3D RCC cell culture model promotes cell viability and stem-related gene expression including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, HIF1, HIF2, VEGF, Sox2, Pax2, and Nestin. 3D spheroid formation ability and spheroid volume increase are disturbed upon drug treatment. Untreated 3D structures reach ~100 μm in diameter at the end of 14-day long experiment. Sorter-based cell cycle analysis and Ki-67 staining should be conducted to verify specific toxicity. We suggest that due to the more complex architecture 3D RCC culture is more relevant to investigate the in vivo-like tumor drug response.

Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Model Utilization in Renal Carcinoma Cancer Stem Cell Research.

Novel experimental conditions of cancer cell line culture have evolved throughout the recent years, with significantly growing interest in xeno-free, serum-free and three-dimensional culture variants. The choice of proper culture media may enable to mimic tumor microenvironment and promotion of cancer stem cells proliferation. To assess whether stem-like phenotype inducing media may be applied in renal cancer stem cell research, we performed a widespread screening of 13 cell culture media dedicated for mesenchymal cells, stem cells as well as mesenchymal stem cells. We have also screened extracellular matrix compounds and selected optimal RCC 3D-ECM supported culture model. Our results revealed that 786-O as well as HKCSCs cell line cultures in xeno-free media (NutriStem/StemXvivo) and laminin coated plates provide a useful tool in RCC cancer biology research and at the same time enable effective drug toxicity screening. We propose bio-mimic 3D RCC cell culture model with specific low-serum and xeno-free media that promote RCC cell viability and stem-like phenotype according to the tested genes encoding stemness factors including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, HIF1, HIF2, VEGF, SOX2, PAX2 and NESTIN.

Article	Year
Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Model Utilization in Renal Carcinoma Cancer Stem Cell Research. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)\| PubMed ID: 29959702	2018
Development of extracellular matrix supported 3D culture of renal cancer cells and renal cancer stem cells. Cytotechnology\| PubMed ID: 30599072	2019

Kamila Maliszewska-Olejniczak

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