a-protocol-for-immunohistochemistry-rna-situ-distribution-within

A Protocol for Immunohistochemistry and RNA <em>In-situ</em> Distribution within Early <em>Drosophila</em> Embryo

Calcium induced calcium release signaling (CICR) plays a critical role in many biological processes. Every cellular activity from cell proliferation and ...

Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences

Calcium signaling are conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates and plays critical roles in many molecular mechanisms of embryogenesis and postnatal development. As a critical component of the signaling pathway, the RyR medicated calcium-induced calcium release signaling system, has been well studied along with their regulator FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12/Calstabin). Lack of FKBP12 is known to result in lethal cardiac dysfunction in mouse. However, precisely how FKBP12 is regulated and effects calcium signaling in  remains largely unknown.

Dynamics expression of  during embryonic early development of .

Whether neurogenesis occurs in the adult human brain has been a long-debated topic fueled by conflicting data both for and against neurogenesis in the mature brain. Recent reports from two independent teams may have indubitably proven that adult, hippocampal neurogenesis persists throughout the human lifespan. Llorens-Martín et al. found that thousands of immature, neurogenesis related, doublecortin-positive (DCX) labelled neurons can be detected in the human dentate gyrus (DG) up to the eighth decade of life. While the presence of these DCX neurons decrease with age, they are significantly decrease in patient with Alzheimer's disease. Another group have also found mammalian embryonic Hopx precursors to persist beyond the early development stage as quiescent Hopx radial glial-like neural progenitors during early postnatal period, then as Hopx adult dentate neural progenitors. Together, the findings from these two groups suggest that unlike the previously thought, neurogenesis and neuroplasticity can occur well into adulthood in some capacity, at least in the hippocampus. These recent findings that neurogenesis can occur beyond development have brought into questions whether physical exercise can be shown to promote neurogenesis and brain health, as it has been shown to promote the function of other organ systems. Some data has already shown physical exercise to induce adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) as demonstrated by restoration of cognitive functions, improvement of synaptic plasticity, and enhancement of angiogenesis. A large-scale meta-analysis has also demonstrated that 45-60 min of moderate-intensity physical exercise to dramatically improve cognitive functions in human subjects over the age of 50. Given these convergent developments in our understanding of neurogenesis and exercise induced improvement in cognitive function, we speculate that hippocampal neurogenesis can be promoted by physical exercise and discuss the current molecular evidence supporting the likely molecular pathways involved.

Physical exercise: bulking up neurogenesis in human adults.

In the past 30 years, incidences of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has risen by 30%. However, there is still no clear mechanism or accurate method of anticipating liver failure. Here we reveal the phase transitions of liquid crystalline qualities in hepatic lipid droplets (HLDs) as a novel method of anticipating prognosis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease experiences accumulation of hepatic liquid crystal associated with increasing lipophagy.

Vascular calcification is a closely linked to cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension and aging. The extent of vascular calcification is closely correlate with adverse clinical events and cardiovascular all-cause mortality. The role of autophagy in vascular calcification is complex with many mechanistic unknowns.

Article	Year
Dynamics expression of during embryonic early development of . Cell & bioscience\| PubMed ID: 30637096	2019
Physical exercise: bulking up neurogenesis in human adults. Cell & bioscience\| PubMed ID: 31508196	2019
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease experiences accumulation of hepatic liquid crystal associated with increasing lipophagy. Cell & bioscience\| PubMed ID: 32280452	2020
Multiple functions of autophagy in vascular calcification. Cell & bioscience\| PubMed ID: 34399835	2021

Xinjuan Lei

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