smart-mobility-boosting-using-high-fidelity-magnetorheological-fluid

Smart Mobility Boosting Using High-Fidelity Magnetorheological Fluid Modeling for Adaptive Damper Control Development

With the rise of high-performance electric vehicles (EVs) which require advanced suspension systems capable of delivering precision, high force output, ...

Tsinghua University

Type I collagen, as the critical organic component of bone matrix, plays a template role in mineralization. Gamma-ray irradiation is used to prepare collagen with different crosslinking degrees without introducing foreign substances for mineralization. Significant improvement in crosslinking degree of collagen can be inferred by enzymolysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Scanning electron microscopy observation reveals that, as crosslinking degree increases, the pore structure of collagen becomes more compact. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis shows the intact retention of classical triple-helical structure of collagen after crosslinking and the following mineralization. Atomic force microscopy characterization, calcium and phosphorus assay kit tests and thermogravimetry measurements indicate that the more compact the collagen structure, the more hydroxyapatite can attach on collagen fibers. These findings reveal the high crosslinking degree of collagen is favorable for the improvement of mineralization ability by providing a more stable and compact network structure. Such crosslinked collagen may provide a more potential way for the preparation of bone substitute materials.

Crosslinking induces high mineralization of apatite minerals on collagen fibers.

A black hole X-ray binary produces hard X-ray radiation from its corona and disk when the accreting matter heats up. During an outburst, the disk and corona co-evolves with each other. However, such an evolution is still unclear in both its geometry and dynamics. Here we report the unusual decrease of the reflection fraction in MAXI J1820+070, which is the ratio of the coronal intensity illuminating the disk to the coronal intensity reaching the observer, as the corona is observed to contrast during the decay phase. We postulate a jet-like corona model, in which the corona can be understood as a standing shock where the material flowing through. In this dynamical scenario, the decrease of the reflection fraction is a signature of the corona's bulk velocity. Our findings suggest that as the corona is observed to get closer to the black hole, the coronal material might be outflowing faster.

Insight-HXMT observations of jet-like corona in a black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070.

Microfluidic technologies have wide-ranging applications in chemical analysis systems, drug delivery platforms, and artificial vascular networks. This latter area is particularly relevant to 3D cell cultures, engineered tissues, and artificial organs, where volumetric capabilities in fluid distribution are essential. Existing schemes for fabricating 3D microfluidic structures are constrained in realizing desired layout designs, producing physiologically relevant microvascular structures, and/or integrating active electronic/optoelectronic/microelectromechanical components for sensing and actuation. This paper presents a guided assembly approach that bypasses these limitations to yield complex 3D microvascular structures from 2D precursors that exploit the full sophistication of 2D fabrication methods. The capabilities extend to feature sizes <5 μm, in extended arrays and with various embedded sensors and actuators, across wide ranges of overall dimensions, in a parallel, high-throughput process. Examples include 3D microvascular networks with sophisticated layouts, deterministically designed and constructed to expand the geometries and operating features of artificial vascular networks.

Complex 3D microfluidic architectures formed by mechanically guided compressive buckling.

Wireless battery-free optogenetic devices enable behavioral neuroscience studies in groups of animals with minimal interference to natural behavior. Real-time independent control of optogenetic stimulation through near-field communication dramatically expands the realm of applications of these devices in broad contexts of neuroscience research. Dissemination of these tools with advanced functionalities to the neuroscience community requires protocols for device manufacturing and experimental implementation. This protocol describes detailed procedures for fabrication, encapsulation and implantation of recently developed advanced wireless devices in head- and back-mounted forms. In addition, procedures for standard implementation of experimental systems in mice are provided. This protocol aims to facilitate the application of wireless optogenetic devices in advanced optogenetic experiments involving groups of freely moving rodents and complex environmental designs. The entire protocol lasts ~3-5 weeks.

Preparation and use of wireless reprogrammable multilateral optogenetic devices for behavioral neuroscience.

Accurate measurements of skin hydration are of great interest to dermatological science and clinical practice. This parameter serves as a relevant surrogate of skin barrier function, a key representative benchmark for overall skin health. The skin hydration sensor (SHS) is a soft, skin-interfaced wireless system that exploits a thermal measurement method, as an alternative to conventional impedance-based hand-held probes. This study presents multiple strategies for maximizing the sensitivity and reliability of this previously reported SHS platform. An in-depth analysis of the thermal physics of the measurement process serves as the basis for structural optimizations of the electronics and the interface to the skin. Additional engineering advances eliminate variabilities associated with manual use of the device and with protocols for the measurement. The cumulative effect is an improvement in sensitivity by 135% and in repeatability by 36% over previously reported results. Pilot trials on more than 200 patients in a dermatology clinic validate the practical utility of the sensor for fast, reliable measurements.

Article	Year
Crosslinking induces high mineralization of apatite minerals on collagen fibers. International journal of biological macromolecules\| PubMed ID: 29481955	2018
Insight-HXMT observations of jet-like corona in a black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070. Nature communications\| PubMed ID: 33589623	2021
Complex 3D microfluidic architectures formed by mechanically guided compressive buckling. Science advances\| PubMed ID: 34669471	2021
Preparation and use of wireless reprogrammable multilateral optogenetic devices for behavioral neuroscience. Nature protocols\| PubMed ID: 35173306	2022
Wireless, Soft Sensors of Skin Hydration with Designs Optimized for Rapid, Accurate Diagnostics of Dermatological Health. Advanced healthcare materials\| PubMed ID: 36337006	2023

Zhengwei Li

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