extraction-detection-geosmin-2-methylisoborneol-water-fish-using-high

Extraction and Detection of Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol in Water and Fish using High-Capacity Sorptive Extraction Probes and GC-MS

Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol are volatile organic compounds of microbial origin that frequently occur in recirculating aquaculture systems and confer ...

USDA-ARS-National Cold Water Marine Aquaculture Center

We investigated the effects of a phytogenic feed additive on disease susceptibility to Edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus and regulation of 6 rhamnose-binding lectin (RBL) genes. Juvenile catfish (n = 250, 13.4 ± 0.1 g) were allotted to the following treatments: control (floating diet) or EO (floating diet supplemented with essential oils; Digestarom® P.E.P. MGE). The fish were fed their respective diets for 6 wk. Following subjection to different feed treatments, all fish were exposed to pathogenic E. ictaluri by bath immersion. Another group of fish were not challenged (non-challenged controls, fed control feed). Mucosal tissue samples were taken to quantify gene expression levels of RBL on Days 1 and 2 post-challenge. After challenge, survival was higher (64.4 vs. 48.0%) in fish fed EO compared to controls (p < 0.05). Relative to non-challenged controls, gill RBL1a mRNA was higher in fish fed EO (p < 0.05) on Day 1 while gill RBL3b was higher in fish fed EO (p < 0.01) on Days 1 and 2, respectively. RBL5a in the skin and proximate small intestine did not change significantly relative to non-challenged fish on Days 1 and 2 of the disease challenge. Results demonstrate that Digestarom® P.E.P. MGE improved survival of channel catfish challenged with E. ictaluri. One of the mechanisms through which essential oils may improve survival is through upregulation of RBL1a and RBL3b in the gill.

Phytogenic feed-additive effects on channel catfish rhamnose-binding lectin levels, and susceptibility to Edwardsiella ictaluri.

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Northeastern US and Eastern Canada has high economic value for the sport fishing and aquaculture industries. Large differences exist between the genomes of Atlantic salmon of European origin and North American (N.A.) origin. Given the genetic and genomic differences between the 2 lineages, it is crucial to develop unique genomic resources for N.A. Atlantic salmon. Here, we describe the resources that we recently developed for genomic and genetic research in N.A. Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Firstly, a new single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) database for N.A. Atlantic salmon consisting of 3.1 million putative SNPs was generated using data from whole-genome resequencing of 80 N.A. Atlantic salmon individuals. Secondly, a high-density 50K SNP array enriched for the genic regions of the genome and containing 3 sex determination and 61 putative continent of origin markers was developed and validated. Thirdly, a genetic map composed of 27 linkage groups with 36K SNP markers was generated from 2,512 individuals in 141 full-sib families. Finally, a chromosome-level de novo genome assembly from a male N.A. Atlantic salmon from the St. John River aquaculture strain was generated using PacBio long reads. Information from Hi-C proximity ligation sequences and Bionano optical mapping was used to concatenate the contigs into scaffolds. The assembly contains 1,755 scaffolds and only 1,253 gaps, with a total length of 2.83 Gb and N50 of 17.2 Mb. A BUSCO analysis detected 96.2% of the conserved Actinopterygii genes in the assembly, and the genetic linkage information was used to guide the formation of 27 chromosome sequences. Comparative analysis with the reference genome assembly of the European Atlantic salmon confirmed that the karyotype differences between the 2 lineages are caused by a fission in chromosome Ssa01 and 3 chromosome fusions including the p arm of chromosome Ssa01 with Ssa23, Ssa08 with Ssa29, and Ssa26 with Ssa28. The genomic resources we have generated for Atlantic salmon provide a crucial boost for genetic research and for management of farmed and wild populations in this highly valued species.

The generation of the first chromosome-level de novo genome assembly and the development and validation of a 50K SNP array for the St. John River aquaculture strain of North American Atlantic salmon.

The innovations of the "Omics Era" have ushered in significant advancements in genetic improvement of agriculturally important animal species through transforming genetics, genomics and breeding strategies. These advancements were often coordinated, in part, by support provided over 30 years through the 1993-2023 National Research Support Project 8 (NRSP8, National Animal Genome Research Program, NAGRP) and affiliate projects focused on enabling genomic discoveries in livestock, poultry, and aquaculture species. These significant and parallel advances demand strategic planning of future research priorities. This paper, as an output from the May 2023 Aquaculture Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding Workshop, provides an updated status of genomic resources for United States aquaculture species, highlighting major achievements and emerging priorities.

Article	Year
Phytogenic feed-additive effects on channel catfish rhamnose-binding lectin levels, and susceptibility to Edwardsiella ictaluri. Diseases of aquatic organisms\| PubMed ID: 29972370	2018
The generation of the first chromosome-level de novo genome assembly and the development and validation of a 50K SNP array for the St. John River aquaculture strain of North American Atlanti... G3 (Bethesda, Md.)\| PubMed ID: 37335943	2023
Advancing genetic improvement in the omics era: status and priorities for United States aquaculture. BMC genomics\| PubMed ID: 39962419	2025
Correction: Advancing genetic improvement in the omics era: status and priorities for United States aquaculture. BMC genomics\| PubMed ID: 40098073	2025

Brian C. Peterson

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