separation-immune-cell-subpopulations-peripheral-blood-samples-from

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an acute syndrome mostly associated with primary Epstein&#8211;Barr virus (EBV) infection. The main clinical symptoms ...

standardization-transfer-across-labs-between-flow-cytometers-for

Standardization of Transfer across Labs between Flow Cytometers for Detection of Lymphocytes in Japanese Encephalitis Vaccinated Children

An increasing number of laboratories need to collect data from multiple flow cytometers, especially for research projects performed across multiple ...

detection-polyfunctional-t-cells-children-vaccinated-with-japanese

Detection of Polyfunctional T Cells in Children Vaccinated with Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine <em>via</em> the Flow Cytometry Technique

T cell-mediated immunity plays an important role in controlling flavivirus infection, either after vaccination or after natural infection. The "quality" ...

Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health

2019RU016, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Low cell retention and engraftment after transplantation limit the successful application of stem cell therapy for AKI. Engineered microenvironments consisting of a hydrogel matrix and growth factors have been increasingly successful in controlling stem cell fate by mimicking native stem cell niche components. Here, we synthesized a bioactive hydrogel by immobilizing the C domain peptide of IGF-1 (IGF-1C) on chitosan, and we hypothesized that this hydrogel could provide a favorable niche for adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and thereby enhance cell survival in an AKI model. In vitro studies demonstrated that compared with no hydrogel or chitosan hydrogel only, the chitosan-IGF-1C hydrogel increased cell viability through paracrine effects. In vivo, cotransplantation of the chitosan-IGF-1C hydrogel and ADSCs in ischemic kidneys ameliorated renal function, likely by the observed promotion of stem cell survival and angiogenesis, as visualized by bioluminescence imaging and attenuation of fibrosis. In conclusion, IGF-1C immobilized on a chitosan hydrogel provides an artificial microenvironment for ADSCs and may be a promising therapeutic approach for AKI. 

IGF-1 C Domain-Modified Hydrogel Enhances Cell Therapy for AKI.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have been recognized as new candidates for the treatment of degenerative diseases or injury and may provide an alternative to cell-based therapy. However, the compositions in MSC-derived exosomes are highly influenced by the microenvironment in which their original cells reside. Here, we hypothesized that a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing polymer can boost the proangiogenic compositions of exosomes and enhance their proangiogenic capacity. Our results demonstrated that exosomes, released from human placenta-derived MSCs (hP-MSCs) by NO stimulation, augment the angiogenic effects of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. Moreover, exosomes released from hP-MSCs by NO stimulation revealed superior angiogenic effects and ameliorated limb function in a murine model of hind limb ischemia. Further analysis demonstrated that increased VEGF and miR-126 levels in exosomes released from hP-MSCs by NO stimulation were identified as a novel mechanism contributing to the increased capacity of these exosomes to promote angiogenic processes. In conclusion, designing specific microenvironments for in vitro stem cell culture, such as those containing bioactive material, will facilitate the development of customized exosomes encapsulating a beneficial composition of stem cells for cell-free therapeutic applications.

Enhanced proangiogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes stimulated by a nitric oxide releasing polymer.

Angiogenesis is critical for the growth of tumor by supplying nutrients and oxygen that exacerbates the metastasis and progression of cancer. Noninvasive imaging of angiogenesis during the tumor therapeutic processes may provide novel opportunities for image-guided tumor management.

Molecular Imaging of Tumor Angiogenesis and Therapeutic Effects with Dual Bioluminescence.

Tumor derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can stimulate proliferation and migration of endothelial cells and recruit endothelial progenitor cells into tumors for vascular formation via a paracrine manner. Now increasing evidence suggests that VEGF also serves as an autocrine factor promoting cell survival and tumor angiogenesis. Real time visualization of VEGF activity in the early stages of tumor formation using molecular imaging will provide unprecedented insight into the biological processes of cancer.

Molecular Imaging of Inducible VEGF Expression and Tumor Progression in a Breast Cancer Model.

Silencing of developmental genes by H3K27me3 and DNA methylation reflects the discrepant plasticity of embryonic and extraembryonic lineages.

The primary reason for the failure of traditional medicine in treating the disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) is the obstruction to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Due to the unique physiochemical properties of nanoparticles, they can preferably help deliver drugs passing through the BBB. Researchers have been investigating the capacity of multifunctional nanomaterials as theranostical agents. However, some of the studies have reported controversial results, which might be due to different schematic designs, including size, surface charge, and shape. This review summarizes the applications of nanoparticles to overcome the BBB or contribute to improving the diagnostic and therapeutic effects in CNS diseases.

Theranostical application of nanomedicine for treating central nervous system disorders.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the causal pathogen of Japanese encephalitis (JE), which has become a severe public health problem and is one of the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne diseases worldwide. Currently, there is no specific treatment for JEV. A vaccine would be an effective measure for reducing morbidity and mortality. Although the live attenuated vaccine SA14-14-2 has been approved in some countries, it is still necessary to develop safer, more effective, and less costly vaccines. In this study, a DNA vaccine candidate, pV-SA14ME, expressing the prM/E proteins of SA14-14-2 was inoculated into BALB/c mice via intramuscular electroporation, and the immunogenicity and degree of protection were evaluated. We found that administration of 50 μg pV-SA14ME via electroporation via three immunizations could induce persistent humoral and cellular immune responses and effectively protect mice against lethal JEV challenge. This study provides a basis for the subsequent promotion and use of the vaccine and lays the foundation for its further use in swine and humans.

Immune responses and protective effects against Japanese encephalitis induced by a DNA vaccine encoding the prM/E proteins of the attenuated SA14-14-2 strain.

The incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) has been dramatically reduced in China after sufficient vaccine coverage. The live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine SA14-14-2 is believed to have strongly contribute to this decrease. Another vaccine that seems to have decreased in importance is an inactivated vaccine based on the JEV P3 strain, which is considered to be modifiable, such as being transformed into a DNA vaccine to improve its immunogenicity.

Complete protection for mice conferred by a DNA vaccine based on the Japanese encephalitis virus P3 strain used to prepare the inactivated vaccine in China.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic virus that is closely associated with several malignant and lymphoproliferative diseases. Studies have shown that the typical characteristic of EBV-associated diseases is aberrant methylation of viral DNA and the host genome. EBV gene methylation helps EBV escape from immune monitoring and persist in host cells. EBV controls viral gene promoter methylation by hijacking host epigenetic machinery to regulate the expression of viral genes. EBV proteins also interact with host epigenetic regulatory factors to mediate the methylation of the host's important tumour suppressor gene promoters, thereby participating in the occurrence of tumorigenesis. Since epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are reversible in nature, drugs that target DNA methylation can be developed for epigenetic therapy against EBV-associated tumours. Various methylation modes in the host and EBV genomes may also be of diagnostic and prognostic value. This review summarizes the regulatory roles of DNA methylation on the promotor of EBV gene and host genome in EBV-associated diseases, proposes the application prospect of DNA methylation in early clinical diagnosis and treatment, and provides insight into methylation-based strategies against EBV-associated diseases. KEY POINTS: • Methylation of both the host and EBV genomes plays an important role in EBV-associated diseases. • The functions of methylation of the host and EBV genomes in the occurrence and development of EBV-associated diseases are diverse. • Methylation may be a therapeutic target or biomarker in EBV-associated diseases.

The roles of DNA methylation on the promotor of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gene and the genome in patients with EBV-associated diseases.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is very common, with the infection rate in adults over 90% worldwide. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is caused by primary infection with EBV. Most IM patients are generally considered to have a favorable prognosis, but a few patients will also develop complications. Children with severe symptoms will require hospitalization. However, the disease burden of children hospitalized with IM in China has been rarely described. In this study, we included the Face sheets of discharge medical records from 27 member children's hospitals of Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development from Jan 1st, 2016 to Dec 31st, 2020, and medical information such as gender, age, region, time of admission, length of stay and expenditure were extracted. There were 24,120 IM cases, which accounted for 0.42% (24,120/5,693,262) of all hospitalized cases during this period. The ratio of male to female was 1.48:1. Hospitalization for IM in the 4-6 ​years age group was the highest among inpatients of all age groups. Case numbers increased year by year between 2016 and 2020, and the monthly hospitalization was generally high from Jul to Sep but reduced from Jan to Feb per year. Bronchitis/pneumonia and hepatic dysfunction were two common complications in hospitalized IM patients. The median length of stay was 8 days, and the median cost of hospitalization was 970.59 US dollars. This study will help understand the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of hospitalized children with IM in China.

Epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of infectious mononucleosis in hospitalized children in China: A nationwide retrospective study.

Correction to: The roles of DNA methylation on the promotor of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gene and the genome in patients with EBV‑associated diseases.

ArticleTotal : 3	Year
Publication title Cited by 4	2022
Publication title Cited by 4	2023
Publication title Cited by 1	2022

Article	Year
IGF-1 C Domain-Modified Hydrogel Enhances Cell Therapy for AKI. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN\| PubMed ID: 26869006	2016
Enhanced proangiogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes stimulated by a nitric oxide releasing polymer. Biomaterials\| PubMed ID: 28433939	2017
Molecular Imaging of Tumor Angiogenesis and Therapeutic Effects with Dual Bioluminescence. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology\| PubMed ID: 28545358	2017
Molecular Imaging of Inducible VEGF Expression and Tumor Progression in a Breast Cancer Model. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology\| PubMed ID: 28558368	2017
Silencing of developmental genes by H3K27me3 and DNA methylation reflects the discrepant plasticity of embryonic and extraembryonic lineages. Cell research\| PubMed ID: 29463899	2018
Theranostical application of nanomedicine for treating central nervous system disorders. Science China. Life sciences\| PubMed ID: 29675554	2018
Immune responses and protective effects against Japanese encephalitis induced by a DNA vaccine encoding the prM/E proteins of the attenuated SA14-14-2 strain. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases\| PubMed ID: 32619637	2020
Complete protection for mice conferred by a DNA vaccine based on the Japanese encephalitis virus P3 strain used to prepare the inactivated vaccine in China. Virology journal\| PubMed ID: 32831096	2020
The roles of DNA methylation on the promotor of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gene and the genome in patients with EBV-associated diseases. Applied microbiology and biotechnology\| PubMed ID: 35763069	2022
Epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of infectious mononucleosis in hospitalized children in China: A nationwide retrospective study. Virologica Sinica\| PubMed ID: 35840103	2022
Correction to: The roles of DNA methylation on the promotor of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gene and the genome in patients with EBV‑associated diseases. Applied microbiology and biotechnology\| PubMed ID: 36205765	2022

Ran Wang

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