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Electromagnetic Induction

Induced Current from Changing Magnetic Flux

Description

Induced current from changing magnetic flux depends on how a magnetic field interacts with an area. Magnetic flux changes when the field strength changes, when the area it passes through changes, or when the field turns relative to the surface. When any of these factors vary, the magnetic flux also varies.

Transcript

考虑一根长度为 L 的导体棒,以恒定速度 v 在磁感应强度为 B 的磁场中运动,该磁场方向指向屏幕平面内。

作用在导体棒内正电荷上的磁力方向向上,导致棒的两端分别积聚相反的电荷。这会形成一个向下的电场。

电荷持续积累,直到电场力大到足以平衡磁场力为止。只要导体棒在运动,其两端就会存在电势差。

如果该导体棒与静止的U形导体形成闭合导电回路,则导体棒中的自由电荷会沿回路重新分布。这会在闭合回路中产生电流,而运动的导体棒会产生一种称为动生电动势(motional emf)的动生电动势。

此处,穿过闭合回路的磁通量等于磁场强度乘以回路的面积。根据法拉第定律,磁通量的变化率等于动生电动势...

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