go to jove.com

HIGH SCHOOL

Physics

Concept Videos

Physics

This is a free preview. For full access

Electromagnetic Induction

Superconductor Critical Temperature

Description

Superconductivity is the state in which a material has no electrical resistance and magnetic fields cannot penetrate it. A material that reaches this state is called a superconductor. The key idea in the transcript is the critical temperature, which is the temperature at which the change happens.

Transcript

超导体是一种对电子流动提供零电阻的材料,能够高效传输电能且无热量损失。

1911年,海克·卡末林·昂内斯观察到,当汞被冷却至4.2开尔文以下时,其电阻降至零。这一温度被称为汞的临界温度,该现象被称为超导性。

当温度升高至临界温度以上时,电阻随温度呈线性变化。

当将均匀的超导材料置于外部均匀磁场中时,可以观察到超导体磁性行为的另一个方面。

当温度高于临界温度时,材料内部的磁场等于外部的均匀磁场。如果温度低于临界温度,磁通量会被排出材料之外,材料内部的磁场为零。这一现象被称为迈斯纳效应。

当温度低于临界温度时,施加最小强度的磁场(即临界磁场)即可消除材料的超导性。

Tags

More videos by Standards