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Biology

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Microbiology

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Microbial Diversity

New Archaea Phyla and Their Roles

Description

Archaea are one of the three domains of life, and their diversity includes species that live in both extreme and moderate environments. For a long time, most known archaea were grouped into two major phyla: Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. Recent molecular studies have added three more phyla to this picture: Thaumarchaeota, ...

Transcript

最近的研究在古菌域中揭示了三个新的门——奇古菌门(Thaumarchaeota)、纳古菌门(Nanoarchaeota)和御古菌门(Korarchaeota)。

奇古菌门(Thaumarchaeota),例如海洋亚硝化侏儒菌(Nitrosopumilus maritimus),是适生于温和环境的中温微生物,常见于陆地和水生栖息地。

它们在氮循环中至关重要,因为能够将氨氧化为硝酸盐,而硝酸盐是植物等初级生产者所需的重要营养物质。

目前,纳米古菌门(Nanoarchaeota)仅有一个成员——Nanoarchaeum equitans。它是一种超嗜热菌,发现于海底热液喷口。

它拥有迄今测序得到的最小的古菌基因组,具...