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Microbial Diversity

How Hyperthermophilic Archaea Survive Heat

Description

Hyperthermophilic archaea are heat-loving extremophiles that live at temperatures above 80°C. They are often found in hydrothermal vents and volcanic soils, where the heat can be higher than the boiling point of water. At these temperatures, the proteins, membranes, and DNA of most organisms would break down.

Transcript

超嗜热古菌在80°C以上的环境中生长,栖息于温度超过水沸点的热液喷口或火山土壤中。

Methanopyrus kandleri 可在高达122°C的环境中存活,这是目前已知微生物生命所能耐受的最高温度,超过该温度后蛋白质、膜结构和DNA将发生降解。

超嗜热古菌具有多种特性,可防止细胞在高温下发生变性,并增强其结构和功能的稳定性。

嗜热极端微生物具有由双植烷四醚脂质构成的耐热单层细胞膜。

一类称为热稳定酶的特殊酶,由于具有更强的离子相互作用、紧密堆积的疏水核心以及盐桥结构,因而能在高温下保持活性。

一类称为热激蛋白体(thermosomes)的独特分子伴侣可稳定蛋白质折叠并重新折叠变性蛋白质。

逆转录DNA旋转...

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