-1::1
Simple Hit Counter
Skip to content

Products

Solutions

×
×
Sign In

CN

EN - EnglishCN - 简体中文DE - DeutschES - EspañolKR - 한국어IT - ItalianoFR - FrançaisPT - Português do BrasilPL - PolskiHE - עִבְרִיתRU - РусскийJA - 日本語TR - TürkçeAR - العربية
Sign In Start Free Trial

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal

Peer reviewed scientific video journal

Behavior
Biochemistry
Bioengineering
Biology
Cancer Research
Chemistry
Developmental Biology
View All
JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Video encyclopedia of advanced research methods

Biological Techniques
Biology
Cancer Research
Immunology
Neuroscience
Microbiology
JoVE Visualize

Visualizing science through experiment videos

EDUCATION

JoVE Core

Video textbooks for undergraduate courses

Analytical Chemistry
Anatomy and Physiology
Biology
Calculus
Cell Biology
Chemistry
Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
View All
JoVE Science Education

Visual demonstrations of key scientific experiments

Advanced Biology
Basic Biology
Chemistry
View All
JoVE Lab Manual

Videos of experiments for undergraduate lab courses

Biology
Chemistry

BUSINESS

JoVE Business

Video textbooks for business education

Accounting
Finance
Macroeconomics
Marketing
Microeconomics

OTHERS

JoVE Quiz

Interactive video based quizzes for formative assessments

Authors

Teaching Faculty

Librarians

K12 Schools

Biopharma

Products

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal

Peer reviewed scientific video journal

JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Video encyclopedia of advanced research methods

JoVE Visualize

Visualizing science through experiment videos

EDUCATION

JoVE Core

Video textbooks for undergraduates

JoVE Science Education

Visual demonstrations of key scientific experiments

JoVE Lab Manual

Videos of experiments for undergraduate lab courses

BUSINESS

JoVE Business

Video textbooks for business education

OTHERS

JoVE Quiz

Interactive video based quizzes for formative assessments

Solutions

Authors
Teaching Faculty
Librarians
K12 Schools
Biopharma

Language

zh_CN

EN

English

CN

简体中文

DE

Deutsch

ES

Español

KR

한국어

IT

Italiano

FR

Français

PT

Português do Brasil

PL

Polski

HE

עִבְרִית

RU

Русский

JA

日本語

TR

Türkçe

AR

العربية

    Menu

    JoVE Journal

    Behavior

    Biochemistry

    Bioengineering

    Biology

    Cancer Research

    Chemistry

    Developmental Biology

    Engineering

    Environment

    Genetics

    Immunology and Infection

    Medicine

    Neuroscience

    Menu

    JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

    Biological Techniques

    Biology

    Cancer Research

    Immunology

    Neuroscience

    Microbiology

    Menu

    JoVE Core

    Analytical Chemistry

    Anatomy and Physiology

    Biology

    Calculus

    Cell Biology

    Chemistry

    Civil Engineering

    Electrical Engineering

    Introduction to Psychology

    Mechanical Engineering

    Medical-Surgical Nursing

    View All

    Menu

    JoVE Science Education

    Advanced Biology

    Basic Biology

    Chemistry

    Clinical Skills

    Engineering

    Environmental Sciences

    Physics

    Psychology

    View All

    Menu

    JoVE Lab Manual

    Biology

    Chemistry

    Menu

    JoVE Business

    Accounting

    Finance

    Macroeconomics

    Marketing

    Microeconomics

Start Free Trial
Loading...
Home
JoVE Core
Biology
电子载体
电子载体
JoVE Core
Biology
A subscription to JoVE is required to view this content.  Sign in or start your free trial.
JoVE Core Biology
Electron Carriers

8.8: 电子载体

91,957 Views
01:24 min
March 11, 2019
AI Banner

Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

电子载体可以被认为是电子穿梭机。这些化合物很容易接受电子(即被还原)或失去电子(即被氧化)。因此,它们在能量生产中起着至关重要的作用,因为细胞的呼吸依赖于电子的流动。

在细胞呼吸的许多阶段,葡萄糖分解成二氧化碳和水。电子载体接收葡萄糖在这些反应中丢失的电子,暂时储存电子并将其输入电子传输链。

两个这样的电子载体是NAD+和FAD,它们都来自维生素B。NAD+和FAD, NADH 和 FADH2的还原形式,分别在细胞呼吸的早期阶段(糖酵解、丙酮酸氧化和柠檬酸循环)产生。

还原电子载流子NADH和ADH2分别将电子传递到电子输运链的复合物I和II中。在这些过程中,它们被氧化成NAD+和FAD。

电子传递链中的其它电子载体是黄素蛋白、铁硫簇、醌和细胞色素。在酶的帮助下,这些电子载体最终将电子转移到氧分子上。电子载体在给予电子时氧化,当它们接受时减少,从而在它们的氧化和还原形式之间交替。

电子载流子提供一个可控的电子流,使ATP的生产成为可能。没有它们,细胞就会停止运转。

Transcript

[旁白] 电子载剂是化合物, 它们通过氧化还原反应, 协调氧化和还原状态, 分别损失和获得这些带负电的粒子, 围绕高能电子, 细胞的可提取能量通行。 例如,一个主要化合物是 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸或NAD, 之所以这样命名,是因为一个核糖环具有一个腺嘌呤碱基, 而另一个则具有一个 与第一个碳原子相连的烟酰胺。 在第五个碳位置,这两个核苷酸 由两个磷酸基团连接。

在代谢过程中,烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸作为一种辅酶, 与催化反应的酶结合, 并充当氧化剂, 从反应物 中除去 两个氢原子以及一对电子。 然后,电子被转移到带正电的氮上, 氢原子与相对的碳相连, 形成北美脱氧核糖核酸。 最后,多余的氢质子留在细胞质中, 北美脱氧核糖核酸 将其电子穿梭到线粒体膜, 进入电子传输链, 载体可以继续进行氧化还原反应。

Explore More Videos

电子载体 高能电子 氧化还原反应 氧化和还原 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸 (NAD) 辅酶 氢原子 反应物 糖 NADH 细胞质 线粒体膜 电子传递链 电子穿梭 能量产生 细胞呼吸

Related Videos

什么是糖酵解?

什么是糖酵解?

Cellular Respiration

177.6K 浏览

糖酵解需要能量的阶段

糖酵解需要能量的阶段

Cellular Respiration

171.8K 浏览

糖酵解释放能量的阶段

糖酵解释放能量的阶段

Cellular Respiration

147.0K 浏览

丙酮酸氧化

丙酮酸氧化

Cellular Respiration

169.1K 浏览

柠檬酸循环

柠檬酸循环

Cellular Respiration

162.4K 浏览

电子传输链

电子传输链

Cellular Respiration

112.6K 浏览

化学渗透

化学渗透

Cellular Respiration

114.7K 浏览

发酵

发酵

Cellular Respiration

129.5K 浏览

饮食关系

饮食关系

Cellular Respiration

62.1K 浏览

什么是细胞呼吸?

什么是细胞呼吸?

Cellular Respiration

189.7K 浏览

柠檬酸循环的产品

柠檬酸循环的产品

Cellular Respiration

103.5K 浏览

糖酵解的结果

糖酵解的结果

Cellular Respiration

107.3K 浏览

ATP产量

ATP产量

Cellular Respiration

79.0K 浏览

JoVE logo
Contact Us Recommend to Library
Research
  • JoVE Journal
  • JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
  • JoVE Visualize
Business
  • JoVE Business
Education
  • JoVE Core
  • JoVE Science Education
  • JoVE Lab Manual
  • JoVE Quizzes
Solutions
  • Authors
  • Teaching Faculty
  • Librarians
  • K12 Schools
  • Biopharma
About JoVE
  • Overview
  • Leadership
Others
  • JoVE Newsletters
  • JoVE Help Center
  • Blogs
  • JoVE Newsroom
  • Site Maps
Contact Us Recommend to Library
JoVE logo

Copyright © 2026 MyJoVE Corporation. All rights reserved

Privacy Terms of Use Policies
WeChat QR code