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JoVE Core
Nursing
护理干预 II:选择和分类护理干预
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护理干预 II:选择和分类护理干预
JoVE Core
Nursing
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JoVE Core Nursing
Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions

8.5: 护理干预 II:选择和分类护理干预

3,570 Views
01:29 min
December 28, 2023
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

制定和执行护理诊断对于护士来说至关重要,有助于系统地规划护理活动,还能够有效地指导患者、家庭和社区的整体干预措施。这些干预措施是根据患者的身体评估和支持性结果的衡量而制定的。在规划过程中,不建议随机选择干预措施。相反,在选择干预措施时,应考虑以下六个关键因素:

  1. 护理诊断的特性
  2. 目标和预期结果
  3. 干预措施的证据基础(例如,研究成果或经过验证的实践指南)
  4. 干预措施的可行性
  5. 患者的接受度
  6. 护士的专业能力

此外,在考虑治疗方案时,护士应评估患者的需求、优先级和以往经验。这些信息将帮助护士选择最合适且最有可能实现预期结果的干预措施。

在为特定患者制定护理计划时,护士应参考护理文献、标准协议或建议、《护理干预分类》关键路径、政策或程序手册以及教科书等资源。与其他医疗提供者的合作也极为有益。

《护理干预分类》(NIC)是艾奥瓦干预项目开发的一种全面、基于研究的标准化护士干预分类。它有助于临床文档记录、加强护理交流、数据整合、效果研究、生产力评估、能力评估、简化报销流程和优化课程设计。它是一套标准化的护士干预措施,以促进在各种医疗环境中的护理沟通,并便于结果比较。

NIC模型分为三个层次:领域、类别和干预措施。

  • 第一层包含7个领域:基本生理、复杂生理、行为、安全、家庭、健康系统和社区。
  • 第二层包含30个类别,为选择具有临床价值的干预措施提供了分类。
  • 第三层有542项具体的干预措施,涵盖了护士执行的各类治疗。这些干预措施的选择是根据临床判断和专业知识,旨在改善患者预后。

Transcript

护理干预措施的选择基于几个因素。

首先,它们应该基于期望的患者结果。这有助于评估干预的有效性。

其次,干预措施应考虑护理诊断的特点。

其目的是改变病因因素、治疗体征和症状或消除风险因素。

第三,干预应基于循证研究。这有助于护士根据特定患者群体实施和评估干预措施。

在特定领域的研究可能不充分的情况下,专家意见或科学原则可以指导干预。

第四,应根据干预措施的可行性(例如时间和成本)来选择干预措施。

第五个考虑因素是基于患者的可接受性——因为护士在计划干预时应该让患者参与进来,并考虑他们的价值观、信仰和文化。

最后,根据护士的能力选择干预措施。例如,它们可能取决于护士的心理运动或心理社会能力。

为了比较全球护理结果,护理干预分类 (NIC) 提供了一套系统的、基于研究的和标准化的干预指南。

Explore More Videos

护理干预 护理诊断 患者护理 循证实践 护理干预分类 临床文件 医疗保健合作 干预选择 患者结果 护理计划 护理文献 治疗方案 护士能力 干预可行性 护理领域

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