-1::1
Simple Hit Counter
Skip to content

Products

Solutions

×
×
Sign In

CN

EN - EnglishCN - 简体中文DE - DeutschES - EspañolKR - 한국어IT - ItalianoFR - FrançaisPT - Português do BrasilPL - PolskiHE - עִבְרִיתRU - РусскийJA - 日本語TR - TürkçeAR - العربية
Sign In Start Free Trial

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal

Peer reviewed scientific video journal

Behavior
Biochemistry
Bioengineering
Biology
Cancer Research
Chemistry
Developmental Biology
View All
JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Video encyclopedia of advanced research methods

Biological Techniques
Biology
Cancer Research
Immunology
Neuroscience
Microbiology
JoVE Visualize

Visualizing science through experiment videos

EDUCATION

JoVE Core

Video textbooks for undergraduate courses

Analytical Chemistry
Anatomy and Physiology
Biology
Calculus
Cell Biology
Chemistry
Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
View All
JoVE Science Education

Visual demonstrations of key scientific experiments

Advanced Biology
Basic Biology
Chemistry
View All
JoVE Lab Manual

Videos of experiments for undergraduate lab courses

Biology
Chemistry

BUSINESS

JoVE Business

Video textbooks for business education

Accounting
Finance
Macroeconomics
Marketing
Microeconomics

OTHERS

JoVE Quiz

Interactive video based quizzes for formative assessments

Authors

Teaching Faculty

Librarians

K12 Schools

Biopharma

Products

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal

Peer reviewed scientific video journal

JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Video encyclopedia of advanced research methods

JoVE Visualize

Visualizing science through experiment videos

EDUCATION

JoVE Core

Video textbooks for undergraduates

JoVE Science Education

Visual demonstrations of key scientific experiments

JoVE Lab Manual

Videos of experiments for undergraduate lab courses

BUSINESS

JoVE Business

Video textbooks for business education

OTHERS

JoVE Quiz

Interactive video based quizzes for formative assessments

Solutions

Authors
Teaching Faculty
Librarians
K12 Schools
Biopharma

Language

zh_CN

EN

English

CN

简体中文

DE

Deutsch

ES

Español

KR

한국어

IT

Italiano

FR

Français

PT

Português do Brasil

PL

Polski

HE

עִבְרִית

RU

Русский

JA

日本語

TR

Türkçe

AR

العربية

    Menu

    JoVE Journal

    Behavior

    Biochemistry

    Bioengineering

    Biology

    Cancer Research

    Chemistry

    Developmental Biology

    Engineering

    Environment

    Genetics

    Immunology and Infection

    Medicine

    Neuroscience

    Menu

    JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

    Biological Techniques

    Biology

    Cancer Research

    Immunology

    Neuroscience

    Microbiology

    Menu

    JoVE Core

    Analytical Chemistry

    Anatomy and Physiology

    Biology

    Calculus

    Cell Biology

    Chemistry

    Civil Engineering

    Electrical Engineering

    Introduction to Psychology

    Mechanical Engineering

    Medical-Surgical Nursing

    View All

    Menu

    JoVE Science Education

    Advanced Biology

    Basic Biology

    Chemistry

    Clinical Skills

    Engineering

    Environmental Sciences

    Physics

    Psychology

    View All

    Menu

    JoVE Lab Manual

    Biology

    Chemistry

    Menu

    JoVE Business

    Accounting

    Finance

    Macroeconomics

    Marketing

    Microeconomics

Start Free Trial
Loading...
Home
JoVE Core
Pharmacology
抗哮喘药物:白三烯调节剂
抗哮喘药物:白三烯调节剂
JoVE Core
Pharmacology
A subscription to JoVE is required to view this content.  Sign in or start your free trial.
JoVE Core Pharmacology
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

19.4: 抗哮喘药物:白三烯调节剂

1,898 Views
01:19 min
December 19, 2024
AI Banner

Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

白三烯调节剂,也称半胱氨酰白三烯受体拮抗剂,是用于治疗慢性哮喘的药物。这些药物针对花生四烯酸代谢过程中产生的特定炎症介质,花生四烯酸代谢是体内产生炎症的重要过程。

白三烯调节剂通过两种不同的机制起作用:

5-脂氧合酶抑制剂:此类药物中的一些药物,如齐留通 (Zyflo),可抑制一种称为 5-脂氧合酶的酶。这种酶在白三烯的合成中起着关键作用,白三烯是一种可引起支气管收缩并增加肺粘液产生的炎症物质。通过抑制 5-脂氧合酶,齐留通可防止这些炎症物质的形成。

白三烯受体拮抗剂 (LTRA):其他白三烯调节剂,如扎鲁司特 (Accolate) 和孟鲁司特 (Singulair),可阻断特定白三烯 (白三烯-D-4) 与呼吸道内壁细胞上的受体结合。这种作用可减轻支气管收缩和炎症,改善气流并减轻哮喘症状。

这些药物通常口服给药,因此比吸入疗法更容易使用。这种易用性提高了患者的依从性,尤其是对于使用吸入器或雾化器可能有困难的儿童。

虽然白三烯调节剂通常是安全且耐受性良好的,但它们可能会引起一些不良反应。成人可能会出现头痛、恶心、腹痛和咳嗽。罕见情况下,它们可能会引起例如情绪变化和噩梦等心理影响。如果发生这些情况,应立即报告给医疗保健专业人员进行评估和管理。

对于儿童,潜在的副作用可能包括恶心、腹泻、鼻窦炎和病毒感染。父母或看护者应监测这些症状,并在必要时咨询医疗保健提供者。尽管存在这些潜在的副作用,但白三烯调节剂仍然是治疗慢性哮喘的药物方案中的重要工具。

Transcript

白三烯调节剂或半胱氨酰白三烯受体拮抗剂通过靶向花生四烯酸代谢过程中产生的炎症介质来有效控制慢性哮喘。

这些代理通过两种不同的机制运作。像 zileuton 这样的药物抑制 5-脂氧合酶并阻止白三烯合成。相比之下,扎鲁司特和孟鲁司特等药物阻断 LTD4 与其呼吸道粘膜受体的结合,减轻支气管痉挛和炎症。结果,气流得到改善,减轻了哮喘症状。

这些药物通常口服给药,以提高患者的依从性,尤其是对于难以接受吸入治疗的儿童。

虽然这些药物通常是安全的,但对成人的潜在不良反应包括头痛、恶心、腹痛和咳嗽。极少数情况下,可能会出现情绪变化和噩梦等心理影响,需要及时就医。

在儿童中,可能会出现恶心、腹泻、鼻窦炎和病毒感染等症状。

Explore More Videos

本月的 JoVE 期刊

Related Videos

哮喘:发病机制和治疗

01:20

哮喘:发病机制和治疗

Lower Respiratory Disorders

1.4K 浏览

抗哮喘药物:β2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂

01:25

抗哮喘药物:β2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂

Lower Respiratory Disorders

1.7K 浏览

抗哮喘药物:甲基黄嘌呤

01:24

抗哮喘药物:甲基黄嘌呤

Lower Respiratory Disorders

1.7K 浏览

抗哮喘药物:毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂

01:20

抗哮喘药物:毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂

Lower Respiratory Disorders

1.8K 浏览

抗哮喘药物:吸入性皮质类固醇和糖皮质激素

01:25

抗哮喘药物:吸入性皮质类固醇和糖皮质激素

Lower Respiratory Disorders

1.6K 浏览

抗哮喘药物:肥大细胞稳定剂和抗 IgE 药物

01:25

抗哮喘药物:肥大细胞稳定剂和抗 IgE 药物

Lower Respiratory Disorders

1.9K 浏览

COPD:发病机制和临床特征

01:20

COPD:发病机制和临床特征

Lower Respiratory Disorders

1.9K 浏览

COPD:使用支气管扩张剂和皮质类固醇进行治疗

01:26

COPD:使用支气管扩张剂和皮质类固醇进行治疗

Lower Respiratory Disorders

831 浏览

JoVE logo
Contact Us Recommend to Library
Research
  • JoVE Journal
  • JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
  • JoVE Visualize
Business
  • JoVE Business
Education
  • JoVE Core
  • JoVE Science Education
  • JoVE Lab Manual
  • JoVE Quizzes
Solutions
  • Authors
  • Teaching Faculty
  • Librarians
  • K12 Schools
  • Biopharma
About JoVE
  • Overview
  • Leadership
Others
  • JoVE Newsletters
  • JoVE Help Center
  • Blogs
  • JoVE Newsroom
  • Site Maps
Contact Us Recommend to Library
JoVE logo

Copyright © 2026 MyJoVE Corporation. All rights reserved

Privacy Terms of Use Policies
WeChat QR code