方法文章

Establishing an Octopus Ecosystem for Biomedical and Bioengineering Research

DOI：

10.3791/62705

⸱

2021年9月22日

 ,  ,  ,  , 
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, 2Neuroengineering division, The Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, 3Biomedical Imaging division, The Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, 4Department of Radiology, Michigan State University

本文内容

摘要

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Understanding the unique physiological and anatomical structures of octopuses can greatly impact biomedical research. This guide demonstrates how to set-up and maintain a marine environment to accommodate this species and includes state-of-the-art imaging and analytical approaches to visualize octopus' nervous system anatomy and function.

摘要

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Many developments in biomedical research have been inspired by discovering anatomical and cellular mechanisms that support specific functions in different species. The octopus is one of these exceptional animals that has given scientists new insights into the fields of neuroscience, robotics, regenerative medicine, and prosthetics. Research with this species of cephalopods requires the set-up of complex facilities and intensive care for both the octopus and its ecosystem that is critical for the project's success. This system requires multiple mechanical and biological filtering systems to provide a safe and clean environment for the animal. Along with the control system, specialized routine maintenance and cleaning are required to effectively keep the facility operating long term. It is advised to provide an enriched environment to these intelligent animals by changing the tank's landscape, incorporating a variety of prey, and introducing challenging tasks for them to work through. Our results include MRI and a whole-body autofluorescence imaging as well as behavioral studies to better understand their nervous system. Octopuses possess unique physiology that can impact many areas of biomedical research. Providing them with a sustainable ecosystem is the first crucial step in uncovering their distinct capabilities.

引言

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New concepts in biomedical research and biomedical engineering are often inspired by identifying specific strategies that biological species possess to address environmental and physiological conditions and challenges. For example, understanding the fluorescence properties in fireflies has led to the development of new fluorescent sensors that can report cellular activity in other model organisms1; identifying ion channels activated by light in algae has led to the development of cellular and temporal specific light-based-neuromodulation2,3,4,

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方案

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All animal studies were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Michigan State University.

1. Octopus tank equipment set-up

  1. First, obtain all non-biological materials for an aquarium that will be incorporated into the marine environmental system, as shown in the Table of Materials. Sizes are provided in inches.
  2. Wash all tubing, piping, and filter system parts with 70% ethanol and deionized (DI) water prior to the installation. Do not use soap or any other chemicals when cleaning.
  3. Place a fiberglass table 13 inch x 49 inch x ½ inch (Part #71) with four table legs....

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结果

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All the animals in our studies were obtained from the wild, and thus their exact age could not be determined and their stay in the lab was variable. Octopus condition was observed daily. We did not see parasites, bacteria, skin damage, or abnormal behavior. The average weight of animals was 170.38 +/- 77.25 g. Each animal inhabited their own 40-gallon tank. The mean ± standard deviation for the parameters recorded for a tank over a week were: pH 8.4 ± 0.0, salinity 34.06 ± 0.61 ppt, temperature 18.7 ± 0.75 °C, ammonia 0........

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讨论

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System Setup:
The aquarium ecosystem has been developed in a way that both mechanical and biological methods of filtering and oxygenating the water are employed. The filtering elements of the system utilize sock filters, protein skimmers, and regular cleaning to maintain nitrogen and oxygen levels. More importantly, we also rely on marine microorganisms to consume the dangerous nitrogenous compounds and other biological waste as well as aerate the water through processes of photosynthesis. Addition.......

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披露

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All the authors declare no conflicts of interest.

致谢

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This work was supported by NIH UF1NS115817 (G.P.). G.P. is partially supported by NIH grants R01NS072171 and R01NS098231. We would like to thank Patrick Zakrzewki and Mohammed Farhoud from Emit Imaging for the help and support in collecting and visualizing the data on the Xerra Imaging Platform. MSU has a research agreement with Bruker Biospin.

....

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材料

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参考文献

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  1. Wet, J. R., Wood, K. V., DeLuca, M., Helinski, D. R., Subramani, S. Firefly luciferase gene: structure and expression in mammalian cells. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 7 (2), 725-737 (1987).
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