Pharmaceutical Compounds
Pharmaceutical Compounds - Related Videos
11:07
Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging
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Cited by 4 •
2021
A coherent Raman scattering imaging methodology to visualize and quantify pharmaceutical compounds within the skin is described. This paper describes skin tissue preparation (human and mouse) and topical formulation application, image acquisition to quantify spatiotemporal concentration profiles, and preliminary pharmacokinetic analysis to assess topical drug delivery.
07:00
Failure of Cleaning Verification in Pharmaceutical Industry Due to Uncleanliness of Stainless Steel Surface
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Cited by 2 •
2017
The lack of a well-defined procedure that consistently cleaned coupon surfaces was identified as the major contributor to low and variable recoveries in cleaning verification. This manuscript describes the correct protocol of cleaning stainless steel coupons.
01:26
Pharmaceutical Equivalents
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2025
As defined by regulatory standards, pharmaceutical equivalents require generic drug products to have identical dosage forms and chemically identical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). They must adhere to compendial or applicable standards for potency, content uniformity, disintegration times, and dissolution rates. In the case of modified-release dosage forms, variations in drug content are permissible as long as the delivered amount remains consistent with the innovator drug product.
01:30
Production of Pharmaceuticals
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2026
Industrial insulin production uses genetically engineered E. coli expressing a proinsulin gene controlled by a tryptophan promoter and containing a methionine linker for later cleavage. The cells also carry ampicillin resistance for selective growth. Seed cultures are stored at −80 °C and production begins by thawing a small amount to inoculate starter cultures, which are progressively scaled to a 50,000-L bioreactor. In the bioreactor, E. coli grow in nutrient-rich media under sterile, tightly...
01:26
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios
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2026
Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
FAQs
Functional groups influence how a molecule interacts with biological systems and can change its solubility, stability, target binding, and conversion into active or inactive forms. During chemical design, researchers modify these structural features to adjust therapeutic behavior rather than treating the molecule as an unchangeable unit. This approach helps connect deliberate molecular changes with differences in biological performance.
Stereochemistry describes the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, and that arrangement can affect how a compound binds to a biological target. Because binding contributes to therapeutic effects, changing stereochemistry may alter potency or selectivity even when the compound’s overall composition remains similar. Chemists therefore examine stereochemical features when relating molecular structure to biological activity and safety.
Solubility and stability help determine how a compound moves through the body and whether it remains chemically suitable long enough to produce its intended effect. A compound’s behavior also depends on conversion into active or inactive forms. By considering these properties during design and formulation, researchers can better control delivery, persistence, and the reliability of the resulting therapeutic response.
Organic synthesis provides a way to create and modify candidate molecules, while formulation addresses how those compounds are prepared for useful delivery. These activities apply chemical knowledge of functional groups, stereochemistry, solubility, and stability. Together, they support the transition from a structurally promising compound to a preparation whose properties can be investigated for therapeutic suitability.
Researchers examine potency, selectivity, pharmacokinetics, and safety to assess a candidate from complementary perspectives. Potency indicates the strength of its effect, whereas selectivity concerns how specifically it acts on a desired target. Pharmacokinetics addresses movement through the body, and safety identifies harmful effects. Considering these measurements together helps determine whether molecular activity may translate into a useful treatment.
Analytical characterization helps researchers examine the chemical identity and relevant properties of a compound as it moves through discovery and development. It complements synthesis, formulation, and biological testing by supporting evaluation of structure, stability, and other factors linked to performance. In chemistry, this evidence helps connect molecular design with potency, selectivity, pharmacokinetics, safety, and eventual clinical reliability.