Sonication Method
Sonication Method - Related Videos
03:22
Low Frequency Ultrasound Application: A Method to Determine the Effect of Sonication on Human Leukemia Cells
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2023
This video describes the selective damage of human leukemia cells by using low frequency ultrasound. This application of low frequency ultrasound in a preclinical in vitro condition demonstrates that cell destruction can be attained in order to examine and compare the effects of sonication on leukemia and normal cells.
07:24
Sonication Extraction of Lipid Biomarkers from Sediment
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Jeff Salacup - University of Massachusetts Amherst The material comprising the living "organic" share of any ecosystem (leaves, fungi, bark, tissue; Figure 1) differs fundamentally from the material of the non-living "inorganic" share (rocks and their constituent minerals, oxygen, water, metals). Organic material contains carbon linked to a series of other carbon and hydrogen molecules (Figure 2), which distinguishes it from inorganic material. Carbon's wide valency range...
09:05
Generation and Quantitative Analysis of Pulsed Low Frequency Ultrasound to Determine the Sonic Sensitivity of Untreated and Treated Neoplastic Cells
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2015
Selective damage of human leukemia cells can be achieved through a novel approach of applying low frequency ultrasound both with and without chemotherapeutic pretreatment of leukemic and normal hematopoietic cells.
10:35
Novel Diagnostics in Revision Arthroplasty: Implant Sonication and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Cited by 16 •
2017
Differential diagnostics in painful arthroplasty is crucial for treatment success. Joint aspiration is routinely performed preoperatively. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction of the joint aspirate and the sonication fluid, a feasible tool for quick pathogen detection from these samples is described.
10:10
Sonication-facilitated Immunofluorescence Staining of Late-stage Embryonic and Larval Drosophila Tissues In Situ
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Cited by 5 •
2014
Immunostaining is an effective technique for visualizing specific cell types and proteins within tissues. By utilizing sonication, the protocol described here alleviates the need to dissect Drosophila melanogaster tissues from late-stage embryos and larvae before immunostaining. We provide an efficient methodology for the immunostaining of formaldehyde-fixed whole mount larvae.
FAQs
Cavitation bubbles create intense local effects when they rapidly collapse. The resulting shear and turbulence can break apart aggregates, distribute material more uniformly through a liquid, and enhance mass transfer between phases. These effects help chemists produce more homogeneous suspensions and reaction mixtures, particularly when ordinary mixing does not adequately disperse the material.
Temperature matters because acoustic energy can produce localized heating in addition to mechanical effects. If heating is not controlled, sensitive materials may degrade or unwanted chemical reactions may occur. Monitoring and controlling temperature therefore supports more reproducible processing while allowing sufficient sonication to disperse, dissolve, extract, or homogenize the sample.
Power determines how much acoustic energy enters the sample, while duration determines how long that energy acts. Increasing either variable can strengthen processing, but excessive energy or exposure may increase heating and promote degradation or unwanted reactions. Chemists adjust these conditions together to obtain the required dispersion, disruption, or mixing without overprocessing the material.
A chemist can transfer acoustic energy with either a probe or an ultrasonic bath, depending on the sample and setup. The vessel configuration also affects how energy reaches the liquid and therefore influences reproducibility. Consistent equipment selection, sample placement, and processing conditions help ensure that repeated preparations receive comparable acoustic treatment.
A basic workflow is to place the material in a suitable liquid, select a probe or ultrasonic bath, and establish controlled power, duration, temperature, and vessel conditions. The sample is then sonicated until the intended dispersion, dissolution, extraction, homogenization, or disruption is achieved. Consistent control of these variables improves repeatability between preparations.
Chemists apply sonication to prepare nanoparticles and suspensions, accelerate dissolution and extraction, homogenize reaction mixtures, and support sample preparation before analysis. Its ability to generate localized shear, turbulence, and heating can improve material distribution and mass transfer. The method is therefore useful both for preparing chemical systems and for making samples more suitable for analytical work.